A friction model based on the upper-bound approach to the ridge and sublayer deformations

Abstract A theory of friction during the steady state sliding of metals is developed on the basis of the upper-bound method, and it focuses on the energy consumed by the relative motion of materials. The sublayer's deformations, the apparent Coulomb (Amontons) coefficient of friction for moderate loads and the constant friction factor for excessive loads are determined as functions of the nominal normal pressure p σ 0 , the interface friction factor m0 and the wedge angle α1. Furthermore, a criterion for steady state sliding is offered through the optimization process. The results appear to be consistent with a number of published observations.

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