A robust watermarking technique in spatial domain using closeness coefficients of texture

Analyzing image features such as texture property, color representations, and varying grayscale pixels can help to reach an efficient solution for images authentication based watermarking. High correlation between texture property and Human Visual System (HVS) provides a framework to develop a robust watermarking system, where hiding watermark in highly textured blocks in host image is more imperceptible and more robust against different attacks. In this paper, a robust spatial domain-based watermarking system is proposed using the closeness coefficients of texture analysis. The texture property is analyzed by computing some of intangible features that can be mined using one of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques. The result of MCDM technique is a closeness co-efficient for each block expressing the amount of texture. The closeness coefficients are used efficiently in the embedding and extraction processes. The experiments result on grayscale images with the proposed watermarking system shows interesting ratios of imperceptibility and robustness against singular and hybrid attacks.

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