An automated Design-Build-Test-Learn pipeline for enhanced microbial production of fine chemicals

The microbial production of fine chemicals provides a promising biosustainable manufacturing solution that has led to the successful production of a growing catalog of natural products and high-value chemicals. However, development at industrial levels has been hindered by the large resource investments required. Here we present an integrated Design–Build-Test–Learn (DBTL) pipeline for the discovery and optimization of biosynthetic pathways, which is designed to be compound agnostic and automated throughout. We initially applied the pipeline for the production of the flavonoid (2S)-pinocembrin in Escherichia coli, to demonstrate rapid iterative DBTL cycling with automation at every stage. In this case, application of two DBTL cycles successfully established a production pathway improved by 500-fold, with competitive titers up to 88 mg L−1. The further application of the pipeline to optimize an alkaloids pathway demonstrates how it could facilitate the rapid optimization of microbial strains for production of any chemical compound of interest.Pablo Carbonell et al. present an automated pipeline for the discovery and optimization of biosynthetic pathways for microbial production of fine chemicals. They apply their pipeline to the production of the flavonoid (2S)-pinocembrin in Escherichia coli and show improvement of the pathway by 500-fold.

[1]  B. Wanner,et al.  One-step inactivation of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli K-12 using PCR products. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[2]  Jacob Beal,et al.  Improving Synthetic Biology Communication: Recommended Practices for Visual Depiction and Digital Submission of Genetic Designs. , 2016, ACS synthetic biology.

[3]  Neil Swainston,et al.  Selenzyme: enzyme selection tool for pathway design , 2017, bioRxiv.

[4]  Jian Chen,et al.  Multivariate modular metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli to produce resveratrol from L-tyrosine. , 2013, Journal of biotechnology.

[5]  Christopher A. Voigt,et al.  Algorithmic co-optimization of genetic constructs and growth conditions: application to 6-ACA, a potential nylon-6 precursor , 2015, Nucleic acids research.

[6]  J. Sambrook,et al.  Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual , 2001 .

[7]  George M Church,et al.  Multiplexed Engineering in Biology. , 2016, Trends in biotechnology.

[8]  Tamás Fehér,et al.  System-level genome editing in microbes. , 2016, Current opinion in microbiology.

[9]  Pablo Carbonell,et al.  Validation of RetroPath, a computer-aided design tool for metabolic pathway engineering. , 2014, Biotechnology journal.

[10]  Pablo Carbonell,et al.  RetroPath2.0: a retrosynthesis workflow for metabolic engineers , 2017, bioRxiv.

[11]  Sophia Ananiadou,et al.  biochem4j: Integrated and extensible biochemical knowledge through graph databases , 2017, PloS one.

[12]  Carole A. Goble,et al.  SEEK: a systems biology data and model management platform , 2015, BMC Systems Biology.

[13]  G. Stephanopoulos,et al.  Improving Metabolic Pathway Efficiency by Statistical Model-Based Multivariate Regulatory Metabolic Engineering. , 2017, ACS synthetic biology.

[14]  Swapnil Bhatia,et al.  Functional optimization of gene clusters by combinatorial design and assembly , 2014, Nature Biotechnology.

[15]  Huimin Zhao,et al.  Engineering biological systems using automated biofoundries. , 2017, Metabolic engineering.

[16]  Meghdad Hajimorad,et al.  BglBrick vectors and datasheets: A synthetic biology platform for gene expression , 2011, Journal of biological engineering.

[17]  Rainer Breitling,et al.  Bioinformatics for the synthetic biology of natural products: integrating across the Design–Build–Test cycle , 2016, Natural product reports.

[18]  Sven Panke,et al.  Rationally reduced libraries for combinatorial pathway optimization minimizing experimental effort , 2016, Nature Communications.

[19]  F. Sato,et al.  Microbial production of plant benzylisoquinoline alkaloids , 2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[20]  Akira Nakagawa,et al.  (R,S)-Tetrahydropapaveroline production by stepwise fermentation using engineered Escherichia coli , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[21]  H. Salis The ribosome binding site calculator. , 2011, Methods in enzymology.

[22]  Maxime Durot,et al.  Rapid and reliable DNA assembly via ligase cycling reaction. , 2014, ACS synthetic biology.

[23]  Timothy S. Ham,et al.  Design, implementation and practice of JBEI-ICE: an open source biological part registry platform and tools , 2012, Nucleic acids research.

[24]  Tong Un Chae,et al.  Recent advances in systems metabolic engineering tools and strategies. , 2017, Current opinion in biotechnology.

[25]  Jingwen Zhou,et al.  Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for (2S)-pinocembrin production from glucose by a modular metabolic strategy. , 2013, Metabolic engineering.

[26]  Allan Kuchinsky,et al.  The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) provides a community standard for communicating designs in synthetic biology , 2014, Nature Biotechnology.

[27]  M. Koffas,et al.  Microbial production of natural and non-natural flavonoids: Pathway engineering, directed evolution and systems/synthetic biology. , 2016, Biotechnology advances.

[28]  T. Ellis,et al.  Bricks and blueprints: methods and standards for DNA assembly , 2015, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.

[29]  Natalie I. Tasman,et al.  A Cross-platform Toolkit for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics , 2012, Nature Biotechnology.

[30]  Ryan T Gill,et al.  Genome scale engineering techniques for metabolic engineering. , 2015, Metabolic engineering.

[31]  Sunil Chandran,et al.  Efficient Assembly of DNA Using Yeast Homologous Recombination (YHR). , 2017, Methods in molecular biology.

[32]  Yan Li,et al.  Enhanced pinocembrin production in Escherichia coli by regulating cinnamic acid metabolism , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[33]  H. Mori,et al.  Construction of Escherichia coli K-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: the Keio collection , 2006, Molecular systems biology.

[34]  Chiam Yu Ng,et al.  Rational design of a synthetic Entner-Doudoroff pathway for improved and controllable NADPH regeneration. , 2015, Metabolic engineering.

[35]  R. A. Bailey,et al.  Automatic generation of generalised regular factorial designs , 2017, Comput. Stat. Data Anal..

[36]  Neil Swainston,et al.  PartsGenie: an integrated tool for optimizing and sharing synthetic biology parts , 2018, Bioinform..

[37]  Carola Engler,et al.  A One Pot, One Step, Precision Cloning Method with High Throughput Capability , 2008, PloS one.

[38]  N. Costantino,et al.  A set of recombineering plasmids for gram-negative bacteria. , 2006, Gene.

[39]  Carole Goble,et al.  SYNBIOCHEM Design-Build-Test-Learn pipeline , 2018 .