Where Is Culture in Cross Cultural Research?

Culture is often seen as a shared meaning system. This definition has important implications for cross cultural management research. This article outlines a multilevel research process model that identifies a number of crucial steps to be aware of, if culture is being treated as a shared construct. The model integrates recent advances on composition models in organizational research and equivalence and multilevel frameworks in cross cultural psychology research. The proposed model is discussed in relation to two principal areas of cross cultural management work: (a) the identification of cultural constructs at the country level and (b) individual-level studies aiming to unpackage cultural differences in attitudes and behaviour. Implications for management research and practice across cultures are discussed. Où se situe la culture dans la recherche interculturelle ? Les grandes lignes d'un processus de recherche pluri-strates pour mesurer la culture en tant que système de signification partagée (Ronald Fischer) La culture est souvent perçue comme un système de signification partagée. Cette définition a des implications importantes pour la recherche en management interculturel. Je dresse ici les grandes lignes d'un modèle de recherche à plusieurs niveaux (pluri-strates) qui identifie un certain nombre d'étapes cruciales qu'il nous faut appréhender si la culture doit être traitée comme une construction mentale partagée. Le modèle intègre les récentes avancées en ce qui concerne les modèles de composition en recherche organisationnelle et les cadres d'équivalence pluri-strates en recherche psychologique interculturelle. Le modèle proposé est étudié en relation avec deux domaines clefs du management interculturel : a) l'identification des constructions interculturelles au niveau national et (b) les études à l'échelon individuel visant à dissocier les différences culturelles d'attitudes et de comportement. Les implications pour la recherche en gestion et la pratique du management dans différentes cultures sont étudiées.

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