Standards for the history, examination, diagnosis, and treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD): a position paper. American Academy of Head, Neck and Facial Pain.

[1]  W. J. Ralph,et al.  Bilateral arthrographic evaluation of unilateral temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. , 1988, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[2]  A. Fischer.  Pressure threshold meter: its use for quantification of tender spots. , 1986, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[3]  L. Weiland,et al.  Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint , 1972, Cancer.

[4]  G. Carlsson,et al.  Functional disorders of the masticatory system. I. Distribution of symptoms according to age and sex as judged from investigation by questionnaire. , 1972, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[5]  K. Kreutziger.  Microsurgical approach to the temporomandibular joint. A new horizon. , 1982, A M A Archives of Otolaryngology.

[6]  H. E. Adams,et al.  Tension Headaches: Muscle Overactivity or Psychogenic Pain , 1985, Headache.

[7]  I. Fras.  Factitial disease: an update. , 1978, Psychosomatics.

[8]  M. Breault.  Eagle's syndrome: review of the literature and implications in craniomandibular disorders. , 1986, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[9]  S. Seltzer,et al.  Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: diagnosis by direct sagittal computed tomography. , 1984, Radiology.

[10]  D. Watt.  Clinical applications of gnathosonics , 1966 .

[11]  C. Folkins,et al.  Biofeedback, Brief Psychotherapy and Tension Headache , 1983, Headache.

[12]  T. Osterberg,et al.  Maximal mandibular movements and symptoms of mandibular dysfunction in 70-year old men and women. , 1974, Svensk tandlakare tidskrift. Swedish dental journal.

[13]  Degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint in young persons. , 1979, The British journal of oral surgery.

[14]  B. Ingervall,et al.  Relation between functional disturbances of the masticatory system and some anthropometric, physiological and psychological variables in young Swedish men. , 1976, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[15]  E. Lader.  Cervical trauma as a factor in the development of TMJ dysfunction and facial pain. , 1983, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[16]  I. Egermark-Eriksson.  Mandibular dysfunction in children and in individuals with dual bite. , 1982, Swedish dental journal. Supplement.

[17]  L. Oldham.  Facial pain as a presentation in Von Munchausen's syndrome: a case report. , 1974, The British journal of oral surgery.

[18]  D. Laskin,et al.  Personality Characteristics of Patients with Myofascial Pain-Dysfunction (MPD) Syndrome Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy , 1979, Journal of dental research.

[19]  B. Ingervall,et al.  Prevalence of mandibular dysfunction and orofacial parafunction in 7-, 11- and 15-year-old Swedish children. , 1981, European journal of orthodontics.

[20]  G. Carlsson,et al.  Frequency of symptoms of mandibular dysfunction in young Swedish men. , 1976, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[21]  M. Ohyama,et al.  The blink reflex , 1977 .

[22]  W. Farrar,et al.  Surgery for internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. , 1979, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[23]  W. Farrar.  Differentiation of temporomandibular joint dysfunction to simplify treatment. , 1972, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[24]  D. P. Smith,et al.  A psychiatric study of atypical facial pain. , 1969, Canadian Medical Association journal.

[25]  D. Laskin.  Etiology of the pain-dysfunction syndrome. , 1969, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[26]  D. Hart,et al.  TMJ symptoms and referred pain patterns. , 1982, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[27]  B. C. Cooper,et al.  Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome: A clinical study of asymptomatic subjects , 1984, The Laryngoscope.

[28]  L. Levi,et al.  A psycho-odontological investigation of patients with bruxism. , 1966, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[29]  L. Kaban,et al.  Temporomandibular joint dysfunction: an occasional manifestation of serious psychopathology. , 1981, Journal of oral surgery.

[30]  M. Kornfeld.  Mouth rehabilitation: clinical and laboratory procedures , 1974 .

[31]  S. Carlsson,et al.  Treatment of temporomandibular joint syndrome with biofeedback training. , 1975, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[32]  H. Gelb,et al.  The role of the dentist and the otolaryngologist in evaluating temporomandibular joint syndromes. , 1967, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[33]  G. Clark.  Examining temporomandibular disorder patients for cranio-cervical dysfunction. , 1983, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[34]  F. M. Bush.  Occlusal therapy in the management of chronic orofacial pain. , 1984, Anesthesia progress.

[35]  B. Helöe,et al.  The occurrence of TMJ -disorders in an elderly population as evaluated by recording of "subjective" and "objective" symptoms. , 1978, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[36]  N. A. Shore.  Occlusal equilibration and temporomandibular joint dysfunction , 1959 .

[37]  F. Andrasik,et al.  Prevalence of Headache Within a College Student Population: A Preliminary Analysis , 1979 .

[38]  G. Edman,et al.  Psychological studies of patients with mandibular pain dysfunction syndrome. 1. Personality traits in patients and controls. , 1973, Svensk tandlakare tidskrift. Swedish dental journal.

[39]  N. Reuling.  Comparative study of clinical examination, occlusal analysis and new radiological imaging procedures in patients with functional TMJ disorders. , 1987, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[40]  M. Rocabado.  The importance of soft tissue mechanics in stability and instability of the cervical spine: a functional diagnosis for treatment planning. , 1987, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[41]  E. Steinmann.  Styloid syndrome in absence of an elongated process. , 1968, Acta oto-laryngologica.

[42]  W. Farrar,et al.  Diagnosis and treatment of painful temporomandibular joints. , 1968, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[43]  Paul A. Bottomley,et al.  19F magnetic resonance imaging , 1977 .

[44]  Henry E. Ebel,et al.  Principles, concepts, and practices in prosthodontics--1982. The Academy of Denture Prosthetics. , 1982, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[45]  G. Hunder,et al.  Rheumatologic interviewing and physical examination of the joints , 1978 .

[46]  J. Hammond,et al.  The omohyoid syndrome. , 1969, Lancet.

[47]  G. Carlsson,et al.  Treatment of patients with functional disturbances in the masticatory system. A survey of 80 consecutive patients. , 1980, Swedish dental journal.

[48]  E. Williamson,et al.  Anterior guidance: its effect on electromyographic activity of the temporal and masseter muscles. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[49]  L. Wolford,et al.  Comparison of Silastic and Proplast implants in the temporomandibular joint after condylectomy for osteoarthritis. , 1982, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[50]  V. Pfaffenrath,et al.  Cervicogenic Headache: Results of Computer-Based Measurements of Cervical Spine Mobility in 15 Patients , 1988, Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache.

[51]  A Eberstein,et al.  Computer analysis in clinical electromyography. , 1978, American journal of physical medicine.

[52]  P. Lund,et al.  "Phantom bite": classification and treatment. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry (Print).

[53]  K. Hayakawa,et al.  Characterization of temporomandibular joint sounds. A preliminary investigation with arthrographic correlation. , 1984, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[54]  A. J. Spencer.  The estimation of need for dental care. , 1980, Journal of public health dentistry.

[55]  I. Egermark-Eriksson.  PREVALENCE OF HEADACHE IN SWEDISH SCHOOLCHILDREN , 1982, Acta paediatrica Scandinavica.

[56]  W. Solberg,et al.  Temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction: a clinical study of emotional and occlusal components. , 1972, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[57]  R Le Bars,et al.  Automatic classification of electromyographic signals. , 1983, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[58]  G. Hoogland,et al.  The disco-malleolar ligament: a possible cause of subjective hearing loss in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. , 1983, Journal of maxillofacial surgery.

[59]  W. A. Newman Dorland,et al.  Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary , 1974 .

[60]  Romeo Y. Lim.  The Hyoid Bone Syndrome , 1982, Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

[61]  W. W. Eagle.  Elongated Styloid Process: Symptoms and Treatment , 1958 .

[62]  G. Atkins,et al.  A Screening Procedure for Differentiating Temporomandibular Joint Related Headache , 1984, Headache.

[63]  G. Carlsson,et al.  Comparison between two groups of patients in respect of headache and mandibular dysfunction. , 1978, Swedish dental journal.

[64]  A. Farman,et al.  Alleviation of myofascial pain with ultrasonic therapy. , 1984, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[65]  W. Evans,et al.  Postural response of the head to bite opening in adult males. , 1982, American journal of orthodontics.

[66]  G. Agerberg,et al.  Symptoms of functional disturbances of the masticatory system. A comparison of frequencies in a population sample and in a group of patients. , 1975, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[67]  W. Farrar,et al.  Characteristics of the condylar path in internal derangements of the TMJ. , 1978, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[68]  M. Rask.  The omohyoideus myofascial pain syndrome: report of four patients. , 1984, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[69]  L. Burkett,et al.  The relationship of TMJ dysfunction to pulse volume rate of the superficial temporal artery. , 1983, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[70]  J. Albers,et al.  Effect of electrode type and position on motor unit action potential configuration. , 1982, Muscle & nerve.

[71]  T. Magnusson,et al.  Intra- and inter-observer variation in functional examination of the masticatory system. , 1980, Swedish dental journal.

[72]  A. Gessel,et al.  Electromygraphic biofeedback and tricyclic antidepressants in myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome: psychological predictors of outcome. , 1975, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[73]  B. Sjölund,et al.  Long term results of peripheral conditioning stimulation as an analgesic measure in chronic pain , 1979, PAIN.

[74]  T. Gay,et al.  The Acoustical Characteristics of the Normal Temporomandibular Joint , 1988, Journal of dentistry research.

[75]  W E Bell,et al.  Understanding temporomandibular biomechanics. , 1983, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[76]  L. Schwartz.  A temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome. , 1956, Journal of chronic diseases.

[77]  J. Moran,et al.  Statistical analysis of an urban population of 236 patients with head and neck pain. Part II. Patient symptomatology. , 1979, Journal of periodontology.

[78]  R. Lascelles.  Atypical Facial Pain and Depression , 1966, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[79]  Jay C. Decker.  XXXIX. Traumatic Deafness as a Result of Retrusion of the Condyles of the Mandible (Preliminary Report) , 1925 .

[80]  W. W. Eagle.  Elongated styloid process; further observations and a new syndrome. , 1948, Archives of otolaryngology.

[81]  H. Myrhaug.  The incidence of ear symptoms in cases of malocclusion and temporo-mandibular joint disturbances. , 1964, The British journal of oral surgery.

[82]  E. N. Gale.  Psychological Characteristics of Long-Term Female Temporomandibular Joint Pain Patients , 1978, Journal of dental research.

[83]  T. Fry,et al.  Headache of Nasal Spur Origin: an Easily Diagnosed and Surgically Correctable Cause of Facial Pain , 1984, Headache.

[84]  D. Watt,et al.  An analysis of temporomandibular joint sounds. , 1983, Journal of dentistry.

[85]  J. Wardle,et al.  The use of physiotherapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders , 1983, British Dental Journal.

[86]  A. Van Dyke,et al.  Physical therapy as an adjunct to temporomandibular joint therapy. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[87]  H. S. Martland.  The surgeon and forensic medicine , 1935 .

[88]  A. Rihani.  Maxillary sinusitis as a differential diagnosis in temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome. , 1985, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry (Print).

[89]  J. Hyvärinen,et al.  Low-resistance skin points that may coincide with acupuncture loci. , 1977, Medical biology.

[90]  B. Helöe,et al.  Frequency and distribution of myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome in a population of 25-year-olds. , 1979, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[91]  K. Tveterås,et al.  REVIEW The aetiology and pathogenesis of trismus , 1986 .

[92]  E Stalberg,et al.  Calculation of the electromyographic jitter 1 , 1974, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[93]  C. McNeill.  Craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders--the state of the art. Part II: accepted diagnostic and treatment modalities. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[94]  V. Tapia,et al.  Radiographic study of the craniocervical relation in patients under orthodontic treatment and the incidence of related symptoms. , 1987, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[95]  J. Okeson.  Fundamentals of occlusion and temporomandibular disorders , 1985 .

[96]  D. C. Berry,et al.  The use of a biofeedback technique in the treatment of mandibular dysfunction pain. A preliminary report on the Myotron 220. , 1977, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[97]  J. F. Barnes.  Electronic acupuncture and cold laser therapy as adjuncts to pain treatment. , 1984, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[98]  R. Gervais,et al.  Masseter and temporalis electromyographic activity in asymptomatic, subclinical, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction patients. , 1989, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[99]  B. Ingervall,et al.  Prevalence of symptoms of functional disturbances of the masticatory system in Swedish men. , 1980, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[100]  L. Hollender,et al.  Radiographic examination of the temporomandibular joint. A comparison between radiographic findings and gross and microscopic morphologic observations. , 1976, Dento maxillo facial radiology.

[101]  H. Blackwood.  Pathology of the temporomandibular joint. , 1969, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[102]  L. Heffez,et al.  Double-contrast arthrography of the temporomandibular joint: role of direct sagittal CT imaging. , 1988, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[103]  David M. Watt,et al.  Gnathosonics—A study of sounds produced by the masticatory mechanism , 1966 .

[104]  M. Morton,et al.  Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome complicating the management of TMJ symptoms. A case report. , 1989, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[105]  M. Robinson.  The influence of head position on temporomandibular joint dysfunction , 1966 .

[106]  F. Collins,et al.  Chronic factitious illness: recognition and management of deception. , 1984, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[107]  Farrar Wb.  Diagnosis and treatment of anterior dislocation of the articular disc. , 1971 .

[108]  F. Nørgaard.  Arthrography of the Mandibular Joint , 1944 .

[109]  W. La.  Optimum temporomandibular joint condyle position in clinical practice. , 1985 .

[110]  P. Trott,et al.  Physiotherapy in diagnosis and treatment of the myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. , 1978, International journal of oral surgery.

[111]  M. Ash,et al.  An evaluation of a moist heating pad for the treatment of TMJ/muscle pain dysfunction. , 1988, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[112]  W. Ayer,et al.  Survey of myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome and pathologic bruxing habits among dentists. , 1977, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[113]  P. Toller.  Osteoarthrosis of the mandibular condyle , 1973, British Dental Journal.

[114]  W. Solberg.  Temporomandibular disorders: masticatory myalgia and its management , 1986, British Dental Journal.

[115]  R. Ivarsson,et al.  The movement pattern of the mandibular condyles in individuals with and without clicking. A clinical cineradiographic study. , 1980, Dento maxillo facial radiology.

[116]  J. Albright,et al.  Distribution and deposition of tritiated cortisol using phonophoresis. , 1988, Physical therapy.

[117]  M. Levenson.  Relieving intraoral pressures generated during orthopedic treatment. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[118]  Neuromuscular problems in the orofacial region: diagnosis-classification, signs and symptoms. , 1981 .

[119]  P. Bacon,et al.  Temporo-mandibular joint disease in ankylosing spondylitis. , 1975, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[120]  J. A. Kleinkort,et al.  Phonophoresis with 1 percent versus 10 percent hydrocortisone. , 1975, Physical therapy.

[121]  ed. Et al. Woolf,et al.  Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary , 1973 .

[122]  T. Takeshima,et al.  The Relationship Between Muscle Contraction Headache and Migraine: A Multivariate Analysis Study , 1988, Headache.

[123]  L. Reik.  Atypical Odontalgia: a Localized Form of Atypical Facial Pain , 1984, Headache.

[124]  R. Moss,et al.  The assessment of personality, anxiety and depression in mandibular pain dysfunction subjects. , 1984, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[125]  K. Urakami,et al.  Muscle Contraction Headache and Migraine: Platelet Activation and Plasma Norepinephrine During the Cold Pressor Test , 1989, Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache.

[126]  M. Helkimo,et al.  Studies on function and dysfunction of the masticatory system. I. An epidemiological investigation of symptoms of dysfunction in Lapps in the north of Finland. , 1974, Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society. Suomen Hammaslaakariseuran toimituksia.

[127]  M. Nilner.  Prevalence of functional disturbances and diseases of the stomatognathic system in 15-18 year olds. , 1981, Swedish dental journal.

[128]  L. Hudzinski,et al.  Neck Musculature and EMG Biofeedback in Treatment of Muscle Contraction Headache , 1983, Headache.

[129]  C. M. Silver.  Long-term results of meniscectomy of the temporomandibular joint. , 1984, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[130]  T. A. Larheim,et al.  Temporomandibular joint involvement and dental occlusion in a group of adults with rheumatoid arthritis. , 1983, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[131]  S. Diamond.  Depression and Headache , 1983 .

[132]  K. Bloor.  Thoracic-outlet syndrome. , 1972, New England Journal of Medicine.

[133]  G. A. Mccain,et al.  The concept of primary fibromyalgia (fibrositis): clinical value, relation and significance to other chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes , 1988, Pain.

[134]  R. Kroening,et al.  Tmj and Craniofacial Pain: Diagnosis and Management , 1988 .

[135]  S. Hoppenfeld,et al.  Physical examination of the spine and extremities , 1976 .

[136]  R. I. Erickson.  ULTRASOUND--A USEFUL ADJUNCT IN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT THERAPY. , 1964, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[137]  F BUCHTHAL,et al.  Action potential parameters in normal human muscle and their dependence on physical variables. , 1954, Acta physiologica Scandinavica.

[138]  Noble Ja,et al.  Reflex sympathetic dystrophy. , 1949 .

[139]  N. Fujita,et al.  Relations Between Occlusal Interference and Jaw Muscle Activities in Response to Changes in Head Position , 1976, Journal of dental research.

[140]  S. Solomon,et al.  Treatment of Headache by Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation , 1985, Headache.

[141]  D. Sartoris,et al.  The effect of arthroscopic surgical lysis and lavage of the superior joint space on TMJ disc position and mobility. , 1989, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[142]  H. Gelb,et al.  A two-year clinical dental evaluation of 200 cases of chronic headache: the craniocervical-mandibular syndrome. , 1975, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[143]  T. Hansson,et al.  A study of the occurrence of symptons of disease of the temporomandibular joint masticatory musculature and related structures. , 1975, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[144]  M. Helkimo.  Epidemiological surveys of dysfunction of the masticatory system. , 1976, Oral sciences reviews.

[145]  O. Sugar,et al.  Etiology and dental treatment of severe involuntary orofacial-cervical movement disorders. , 1982, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[146]  H. Selye,et al.  [Stress without distress]. , 1976, Bruxelles medical.

[147]  H. Lapointe,et al.  Cervical extension-flexion injury (whiplash) and internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. , 1987, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[148]  W. Ebeling,et al.  BLOOD CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS IN PERSONALITY DISORDERS: THE EFFECT OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION , 1926 .

[149]  Boudreaux Re,et al.  Plication of the capsular ligament of the temporomandibular joint: a surgical approach to recurrent dislocation or chronic subluxation. , 1968 .

[150]  E. Fine.  Psychological factors associated with non-organic temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome , 1971, British Dental Journal.

[151]  P. Westesson,et al.  Movement of disc and condyle in temporomandibular joints with clicking. An arthrographic and cineradiographic study on autopsy specimens. , 1982, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[152]  E. Williamson.  Temporomandibular dysfunction in pretreatment adolescent patients. , 1977, American journal of orthodontics.

[153]  W. Donlon,et al.  Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging, arthrotomography and clinical and surgical findings in temporomandibular joint internal derangements. , 1987, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[154]  G. Clark.  Treatment of jaw clicking with temporomandibular repositioning: analysis of 25 cases. , 1984, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[155]  L. Reik.  Atypical Facial Pain: A Reappraisal , 1985, Headache.

[156]  M. Maheshwari,et al.  Trismus caused by paradoxical activity of jaw-closing muscles in brain stem tuberculoma. , 1988, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[157]  M. Heilbronn,et al.  Chronic Muscle Contraction Headache and the Pain‐Prone Disorder , 1982, Headache.

[158]  D. Morgan.  Diseases of the temporomandibular apparatus : a multidisciplinary approach , 1982 .

[159]  D C Boyd,et al.  A review of the methods of automatic analysis in clinical electromyography. , 1976, Computers in biology and medicine.

[160]  W. Johnson,et al.  An evaluation of temporomandibular joint radiographs. , 1988, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[161]  S. Kopp,et al.  Analysis of background variables in 350 patients with TMJ disorders as reported in self administered questionnaire. , 1982, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[162]  Brown La.  Hyoid bone syndrome. , 1953 .

[163]  D. Laskin,et al.  Meprobamate therapy for the myofascial pain-dysfunction (MPD) syndrome: a double-blind evaluation. , 1971, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[164]  G. Clark,et al.  Craniocervical dysfunction levels in a patient sample from a temporomandibular joint clinic. , 1987, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[165]  J. Travell,et al.  Postural vertigo due to trigger areas in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. , 1955, The Journal of pediatrics.

[166]  B. Swerdlow,et al.  The Validity of the Vascular "Cold Patch" in the Diagnosis of Chronic Headache , 1986, Headache.

[167]  R. Scapino.  Histopathology associated with malposition of the human temporomandibular joint disc. , 1983, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[168]  J. V. Van Sickels,et al.  Survey of TMJ arthroscopy in oral and maxillofacial surgery residency programs. , 1989, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[169]  W. Solberg,et al.  Oral health status in the United States: temporomandibular disorders. , 1985, Journal of dental education.

[170]  W. Solberg,et al.  Position paper of the American Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders. Craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders--the state of the art. , 1980, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[171]  S. Kopp.  Reproducibility of response to a questionnaire on symptoms of masticatory dysfunction. , 1976, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[172]  A. Rönnerman,et al.  Mandibular dysfunction symptoms in orthodontically treated patients ten years after the completion of treatment. , 1981, European journal of orthodontics.

[173]  M. Mikhail,et al.  History and etiology of myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome. , 1980, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[174]  F BUCHTHAL,et al.  Action potential parameters in normal human muscle and their physiological determinants. , 1954, Acta physiologica Scandinavica.

[175]  D. Bakal,et al.  Muscle Contraction and Migraine Headache: Psychophysiologic Comparison , 1977, Headache.

[176]  D. Stark.  Cancer Detection by Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 1988 .

[177]  S. Kopp.  Short term evaluation of counselling and occlusal adjustment in patients with mandibular dysfunction involving the temporomandibular joint. , 1979, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[178]  Delaney Jf.  Atypical facial pain as a defense against psychosis. , 1976 .

[179]  J. D. Muir,et al.  Dentofacial orthopedics with functional appliances , 1985 .

[180]  Schach Rt,et al.  Clinical experience with magnetic resonance imaging in internal derangements of the TMJ. , 1988 .

[181]  S. Diamond,et al.  DOUBLE BLIND STUDY OF PROPRANOLOL FOR MIGRAINE PROPHYLAXIS , 1976, Headache.

[182]  B. Tomasetti,et al.  Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: correlation of arthrography with surgical findings. , 1981, Journal of oral surgery.

[183]  L. Halpern,et al.  Analgesic drugs in the management of pain. , 1977, Archives of surgery.

[184]  W. E. Bell.  Orofacial pains: Classification, diagnosis, management , 1985 .

[185]  K. Malinow,et al.  Facial pain and monosymptomatic hypochondriasis. , 1984, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[186]  Tilson Hb,et al.  Eminectomy for the treatment of recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation. , 1975 .

[187]  M. Eisemann,et al.  Pain as a symptom in depressive disorders. II. Relationship to personality traits as assessed by means of KSP , 1983, Pain.

[188]  T. Osterberg,et al.  Symptoms and signs of mandibular dysfunction in 70-year-old men and women in Gothenburg, Sweden. , 1979, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[189]  R. Berlin,et al.  Bruxism and chronic headache. , 1960, Lancet.

[190]  H. Ogus.  Rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint. , 1975, The British journal of oral surgery.

[191]  L. Pöllmann.  Sounds produced by the mandibular joint in young men. A mass examination. , 1980, Journal of maxillofacial surgery.

[192]  R. Katzberg,et al.  Bilateral internal derangements of temporomandibular joint: evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging. , 1988, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[193]  B. Ingervall,et al.  Subjective evaluation of functional disturbances of the masticatory system in young Swedish men. , 1974, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

[194]  T. Magnusson,et al.  Recurrent headaches in relation to temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction. , 1978, Acta odontologica Scandinavica.

[195]  J. Travell.  Temporomandibular joint pain referred from muscles of the head and neck , 1960 .

[196]  W. Glenn,et al.  Optimizing format and display options in MRI of the temporomandibular joint. , 1988, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[197]  H. Gelb.  Clinical management of head, neck, and TMJ pain and dysfunction: A multi-disciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment , 1991 .

[198]  T. Maślanka,et al.  Epidemiologic studies on prevalence and etiology of functional disturbances of the masticatory system. , 1979, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[199]  G. Dufour.  The dysgnathogenic distress syndrome. , 1983, The Journal of prosthetic dentistry.

[200]  S. Weinberg,et al.  Chondrometaplasia involving the temporomandibular joint. , 1980, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[201]  Stephen D. Smith.  Diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders , 1987 .

[202]  T. List,et al.  Reliability and validity of a pressure threshold meter in recording tenderness in the masseter muscle and the anterior temporalis muscle. , 1989, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[203]  M. Espeland,et al.  Separation of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint using sound analysis. , 1987, Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology.

[204]  L. Reik,et al.  The Temporomandibular Joint Pain‐dysfunction Syndrome: A Frequent Cause of Headache , 1981, Headache.

[205]  S. Andreassen,et al.  Impaired regulation of the firing pattern of single motor units , 1978, Muscle & nerve.

[206]  M. D. Lerman.  A unifying concept of the TMJ pain-dysfunction syndrome. , 1973, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[207]  A. Fischer.  Pressure algometry over normal muscles. Standard values, validity and reproducibility of pressure threshold , 1987, Pain.

[208]  P. L. Ouellette.  TMJ sound prints: electronic auscultation and sonagraphic audiospectral analysis of the temporomandibular joint. , 1974, Journal of the American Dental Association.

[209]  H. Merskey,et al.  Is the temporo-mandibular pain and dysfunction syndrome a disorder of the mind? , 1983, Pain.

[210]  D. Blandford,et al.  Uses and content of a research protocol. , 1984, Journal of dental education.

[211]  J. C. Mulier,et al.  The effects of electric currents on ATP generation, protein synthesis, and membrane transport of rat skin. , 1982, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[212]  L Antoni,et al.  Automated analysis of neuromuscular 'jitter'. , 1983, Computer programs in biomedicine.

[213]  F. M. Bush.  Malocclusion, Masticatory Muscle, and Temporomandibular Joint Tenderness , 1985, Journal of dental research.

[214]  J. H. Butler,et al.  The relationship of TMJ clicking to palpable facial pain. , 1983, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[215]  J. L. Haden.  Occlusion finalization following TMJ therapy. , 1982, The Journal of cranio-mandibular practice.

[216]  R. M. Eastham.  An evaluation of stabilizing appliances for Milwaukee brace patients. , 1971, American journal of orthodontics.

[217]  L. Rose,et al.  Internal medicine for dentistry , 1983 .

[218]  S. Roser,et al.  Patient response to temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: preliminary findings in 24 patients. , 1989, Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

[219]  G. Agerberg,et al.  Late results of treatment of functional disorders of the masticatory system. A follow-up by questionnaire. , 1974, Journal of oral rehabilitation.

[220]  R. Merrill.  Historical perspectives and comparisons of TMJ surgery for internal disk derangements and arthropathy. , 1986, Cranio : the journal of craniomandibular practice.

[221]  B. Jankelson.  Neuromuscular aspects of occlusion. Effects of occlusal position on the physiology and dysfunction of the mandibular musculature. , 1979, Dental clinics of North America.

[222]  J. Evans.  Reflex sympathetic dystrophy; report on 57 cases. , 1947, Annals of internal medicine.

[223]  B. Speculand,et al.  Temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction: Pain and illness behaviour , 1983, Pain.

[224]  S. Kopp.  Constancy of clinical signs in patients with mandibular dysfunction. , 1977, Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.