The literature researches on the species Allium cepa L that placed them among the products with antimitotic properties, determined us to test the cytotoxic action of several extractive fractions (estimated by the phytobiological method Constantinescu Triticum test) for detecting the pharmacologically active fraction. Were assessed the hydrodistilled extract (CH), aqueous macerate (CM) and fresh juice (CS) in different concentrations, compared with colchicine (RC) and methotrexate (RM) (control sample (M) = distilled water). There were investigated: the influence on wheat caryopsis germination, root elongation and changes in mitotic film (after 24 hours – with the Nikon 2 Labophot microscope). We observed the inhibition of germination for CM, CS, RC, RM, and its stimulation in the case of CH, the inhibition of root elongation by CM, CS, RC, RM, or its stimulation by CH, and changes in the mitotic film (nucleus and nucleolus hypertrophy, placed into the cells corners, precipitated nuclear material). All these results demonstrated the cytotoxic / cytostatic action. In conclusion, only the aqueous macerate and the fresh juice of Allium cepa have cytotoxic properties. Rezumat Menţionarea speciei Allium cepa L. printre produsele cu proprietăţi antimitotice, ne-a determinat să testăm acțiunea citotoxică a mai multor fracţiuni extractive (prin metoda fitobiologică Constantinescu testul Triticum), în scopul depistării celei farmacologic active. S-au studiat: hidrodistilatul (CH), maceratul apos (CM) şi sucul proaspăt (CS), în diferite concentrații, comparativ cu colchicina (RC) și methotrexatul (RM); martor (M) = apa distilată. S-au cercetat: influenţa asupra germinării cariopselor de grâu, elongaţia radiculară şi modificările filmului mitotic (după 24 ore la microscopul Labophot 2 Nikon). În urma studiilor efectuate s-a observat inhibarea germinaţiei (CM, CS, RC, RM), stimularea germinației (CH); inhibarea alungirii radiculare (CM, CS, RC, RM), stimularea alungirii radiculare (CH); modificări ale filmului mitotic (nuclei şi nucleoli hipertrofiaţi, dispuşi în colţurile celulelor, material nuclear precipitat). Acestea confirmă acțiunea citotoxică / citostatică. Se poate concluziona că numai maceratul apos şi sucul proaspăt din specia Allium cepa au efecte citotoxice. FARMACIA, 2012, Vol. 60, 1 121
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