IL-6: insights into novel biological activities.

IL-6 has many novel activities both within the adaptive immune system and without. It has therapeutic potential in acute inflammation, such as toxic or septic shock, and it is a potential target for cachexia, multiple myeloma, and osteoporosis. Further work on these aspects of IL-6 biology should yield new insight into the possibility of IL-6 both as a therapeutic agent and as a target for antagonists.

[1]  Y. Suzuki,et al.  Impaired resistance to the development of toxoplasmic encephalitis in interleukin-6-deficient mice , 1997, Infection and immunity.

[2]  S. Reiner,et al.  Efficient immunity against Leishmania major in the absence of interleukin-6 , 1997, Infection and immunity.

[3]  T. Kishimoto,et al.  Impairment of antigen-specific antibody production in transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative form of gp130. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[4]  A. Judd,et al.  Adenosine increases interleukin 6 release and decreases tumour necrosis factor release from rat adrenal zona glomerulosa cells, ovarian cells, anterior pituitary cells, and peritoneal macrophages. , 1997, Cytokine.

[5]  B. Barton,et al.  Interleukins 6 and 11 protect mice from mortality in a staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced toxic shock model , 1996, Infection and immunity.

[6]  K. Shiota,et al.  Targeted disruption of gp130, a common signal transducer for the interleukin 6 family of cytokines, leads to myocardial and hematological disorders. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[7]  T. Martin,et al.  Interleukin (IL)-6 induction of osteoclast differentiation depends on IL-6 receptors expressed on osteoblastic cells but not on osteoclast progenitors , 1995, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[8]  C. Löwik,et al.  In vitro and Ex vivo evidence that estrogens suppress increased bone resorption induced by ovariectomy or PTH stimulation through an effect on osteoclastogenesis , 1995, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[9]  Y. Koishihara,et al.  Endogenous bone‐resorbing factors in estrogen deficiency: Cooperative effects of IL‐1 and IL‐6 , 1995, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[10]  S. Dalrymple,et al.  Interleukin-6-deficient mice are highly susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes infection: correlation with inefficient neutrophilia , 1995, Infection and immunity.

[11]  C. Begley,et al.  Cloning of a murine IL‐11 receptor alpha‐chain; requirement for gp130 for high affinity binding and signal transduction. , 1994, The EMBO journal.

[12]  D. Kimmel,et al.  Effects of recombinant human interleukin-6 administration on bone in rhesus monkeys. , 1994, Lymphokine and cytokine research.

[13]  G. Strassmann,et al.  Interleukin 6 production in fetal rat long bone cultures is correlated with PGE2 release and does not correlate with the extent of bone resorption. , 1994, Cytokine.

[14]  R. J. Barrett,et al.  Discrimination of A1 versus A2 receptor subtype selectivity of adenosine receptor agonists in vivo. , 1994, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[15]  G. Roodman Biology of the osteoclast in Paget's disease. , 1994, Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism.

[16]  G. Yancopoulos,et al.  Association and activation of Jak-Tyk kinases by CNTF-LIF-OSM-IL-6 beta receptor components. , 1994, Science.

[17]  A. Freemont,et al.  Interleukin‐6, IL‐6 receptor, and IL‐6 nuclear factor gene expression in paget's disease , 1994, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[18]  N. Udagawa,et al.  Soluble interleukin-6 receptor triggers osteoclast formation by interleukin 6. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[19]  B. Cronstein,et al.  The antiinflammatory mechanism of methotrexate. Increased adenosine release at inflamed sites diminishes leukocyte accumulation in an in vivo model of inflammation. , 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[20]  R. Nordan,et al.  Suramin interferes with interleukin-6 receptor binding in vitro and inhibits colon-26-mediated experimental cancer cachexia in vivo. , 1993, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[21]  L. Clement,et al.  Heterogeneous mechanisms of human cytotoxic T lymphocyte generation. II. Differential effects of IL-6 on the helper cell-independent generation of CTL from CD8+ precursor subpopulations. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[22]  L. Moldawer,et al.  Antibodies chaperone circulating IL-6. Paradoxical effects of anti-IL-6 "neutralizing" antibodies in vivo. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[23]  M. Tsang,et al.  Involvement of IL-6 signal transducer gp130 in IL-11-mediated signal transduction. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[24]  G. Strassmann,et al.  Suramin inhibits the stimulation of acute phase plasma protein genes by IL-6-type cytokines in rat hepatoma cells. , 1993, Journal of immunology.

[25]  L. Moldawer,et al.  Cachexia and the acute‐phase protein response in inflammation are regulated by interleukin‐6 , 1993, European journal of immunology.

[26]  G. Strassmann,et al.  The role of interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-induced weight loss, hypoglycemia and fibrinogen production, in vivo. , 1993, Cytokine.

[27]  G. Yancopoulos,et al.  LIFR beta and gp130 as heterodimerizing signal transducers of the tripartite CNTF receptor. , 1993, Science.

[28]  K. Yasukawa,et al.  IL-6-induced homodimerization of gp130 and associated activation of a tyrosine kinase. , 1993, Science.

[29]  D. Wallach,et al.  Interleukin-6 inhibits the proliferation of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells that is induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha or -beta , 1993 .

[30]  B. Barton,et al.  Protective role of interleukin 6 in the lipopolysaccharide-galactosamine septic shock model , 1993, Infection and immunity.

[31]  E. A. Havell,et al.  Interleukin-6 production in a murine model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: relation to resistance and inflammatory response , 1993, Infection and immunity.

[32]  L. Bermudez,et al.  Interleukin-6 antagonizes tumor necrosis factor-mediated mycobacteriostatic and mycobactericidal activities in macrophages , 1992, Infection and immunity.

[33]  P. Sehgal,et al.  High levels of "complexed" interleukin-6 in human blood. , 1992, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[34]  M. Denis Interleukin‐6 in mouse hypersensitivity pneumonitis: changes in lung free cells following depletion of endogenous IL‐6 or direct administration of IL‐6 , 1992, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[35]  C. Stewart,et al.  Inhibitory role of interleukin‐6 in macrophage proliferation , 1992, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[36]  D. Rennick,et al.  Anti-IL-6 antibodies suppress myeloid cell production and the generation of CFU-c in long-term bone marrow cultures. , 1992, Experimental hematology.

[37]  G. Strassmann,et al.  Evidence for the involvement of interleukin 6 in experimental cancer cachexia. , 1992, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[38]  R. Willemze,et al.  Interleukin 6 is a permissive factor for monocytic colony formation by human hematopoietic progenitor cells , 1992, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[39]  Comeau,et al.  The IL-6 signal transducer, gp130: an oncostatin M receptor and affinity converter for the LIF receptor. , 1992, Science.

[40]  G. Passeri,et al.  17 beta-estradiol inhibits interleukin-6 production by bone marrow-derived stromal cells and osteoblasts in vitro: a potential mechanism for the antiosteoporotic effect of estrogens. , 1992, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[41]  A. Duits,et al.  Synergism of interleukin 6 and 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 in induction of myeloid differentiation of human leukemic cell lines , 1992, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[42]  Gearing Dp,et al.  Oncostatin M binds the high-affinity leukemia inhibitory factor receptor. , 1992 .

[43]  G D Roodman,et al.  Interleukin 6. A potential autocrine/paracrine factor in Paget's disease of bone. , 1992, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[44]  E. Dennis,et al.  Extracellular phospholipase A2. , 1992, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

[45]  A. Velardi,et al.  Interleukin-6 is constitutively produced by human CTL clones and is required to maintain their cytolytic function. , 1991, Cellular immunology.

[46]  Y. Koishihara,et al.  Interleukin 6 inhibits delayed‐type hypersensitivity and the development of adjuvant arthritis , 1991, European journal of immunology.

[47]  G. Mundy,et al.  Chinese hamster ovarian cells transfected with the murine interleukin-6 gene cause hypercalcemia as well as cachexia, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis in tumor-bearing nude mice. , 1991, Endocrinology.

[48]  D. Remick,et al.  Endotoxin-induced cytokine gene expression in vivo. III. IL-6 mRNA and serum protein expression and the in vivo hematologic effects of IL-6. , 1991, Journal of immunology.

[49]  R. Neta,et al.  Interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 act synergistically to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone in vivo. , 1991, Lymphokine and cytokine research.

[50]  P. Guerne,et al.  Interleukin-6 induces the synthesis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1/erythroid potentiating activity (TIMP-1/EPA). , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[51]  C. Stoner,et al.  Induction of phospholipase A2 gene expression in human hepatoma cells by mediators of the acute phase response. , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[52]  S. Ralston,et al.  Interleukin‐6 does not stimulate bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvariae , 1991, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[53]  J. Vincent,et al.  Interleukin-6 administration has no acute hemodynamic or hematologic effect in the dog. , 1991, Cytokine.

[54]  D. Remick,et al.  Intratracheal injection of endotoxin and cytokines. II. Interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor beta inhibit acute inflammation. , 1991, The American journal of pathology.

[55]  J. Abrams,et al.  Anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies protect against lethal Escherichia coli infection and lethal tumor necrosis factor-alpha challenge in mice. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[56]  T. Hirano,et al.  IL-6 is produced by osteoblasts and induces bone resorption. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[57]  T. Suda,et al.  IL-6 stimulates osteoclast-like multinucleated cell formation in long term human marrow cultures by inducing IL-1 release. , 1990, Journal of immunology.

[58]  B. Barton,et al.  IL 3 and IL 6 do not induce bone resorption in vitro. , 1990, Cytokine.

[59]  T. Hirano,et al.  In vivo effects of recombinant human interleukin-6 in primates: stimulated production of platelets. , 1990, Blood.

[60]  J. Whicher,et al.  Interleukin‐6 and ACTH act synergistically to stimulate the release of corticosterone from adrenal gland cells , 1990, Clinical and experimental immunology.

[61]  J. Bazan,et al.  Haemopoietic receptors and helical cytokines. , 1990, Immunology today.

[62]  J. Vilček,et al.  IL-6 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in cultured human monocytes, U937 cells, and in mice. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[63]  J. Miyazaki,et al.  IgG1 plasmacytosis in interleukin 6 transgenic mice. , 1989, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[64]  L. Aarden,et al.  Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-like protein (PLP) stimulate interleukin-6 production by osteogenic cells: a possible role of interleukin-6 in osteoclastogenesis. , 1989, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[65]  T. Luger,et al.  IFN-beta 2/IL-6 augments the activity of human natural killer cells. , 1989, Journal of immunology.

[66]  T. Hirano,et al.  Interleukin-6 triggers the association of its receptor with a possible signal transducer, gp130 , 1989, Cell.

[67]  L. Aarden Hybridoma Growth Factor , 1989, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[68]  S. Ness,et al.  Molecular cloning of the chicken myelomonocytic growth factor (cMGF) reveals relationship to interleukin 6 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor. , 1989, The EMBO journal.

[69]  R. Steinman,et al.  Interleukin 6 is the principal cytolytic T lymphocyte differentiation factor for thymocytes in human leukocyte conditioned medium. , 1989, The Journal of molecular and cellular immunology : JMCI.

[70]  T. Ulich,et al.  In vivo hematologic effects of recombinant interleukin-6 on hematopoiesis and circulating numbers of RBCs and WBCs. , 1989, Blood.

[71]  J. Ceuppens,et al.  Human T cell activation with phytohemagglutinin. The function of IL-6 as an accessory signal. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[72]  T. Hirano,et al.  Human recombinant IL-6/B cell stimulatory factor 2 augments murine antigen-specific antibody responses in vitro and in vivo. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[73]  G. Tosato,et al.  Interferon-beta 2/interleukin 6 is a co-stimulant for human T lymphocytes. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[74]  D. Olive,et al.  Synergistic activation of human t cells by interleukin 1 and interleukin 6 , 1988, European journal of immunology.

[75]  T. Hirano,et al.  B cell stimulating factor 2/interleukin 6 is a costimulant for human thymocytes and T lymphocytes , 1988, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[76]  A Muraguchi,et al.  The essential role of B cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2/IL-6) for the terminal differentiation of B cells , 1988, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[77]  S. Clark,et al.  B cell stimulatory factor-2 is involved in the differentiation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. , 1988, Journal of immunology.

[78]  R. Nordan,et al.  Comparison of in vivo effects of human recombinant IL 1 and human recombinant IL 6 in mice. , 1988, Lymphokine research.

[79]  J. Gauldie,et al.  Distinct sets of acute phase plasma proteins are stimulated by separate human hepatocyte-stimulating factors and monokines in rat hepatoma cells. , 1987, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[80]  P. Sehgal,et al.  Human beta 2 interferon and B-cell differentiation factor BSF-2 are identical. , 1987, Science.

[81]  P. Lansdorp,et al.  Production of hybridoma growth factor by human monocytes , 1987, European journal of immunology.

[82]  T. Taniguchi,et al.  Complementary DNA for a novel human interleukin (BSF-2) that induces B lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin , 1986, Nature.

[83]  N. Yoshida,et al.  B cell growth factors and B cell differentiation factor from human T hybridomas. Two distinct kinds of B cell growth factor and their synergism in B cell proliferation , 1983, The Journal of experimental medicine.