Transmission Lines Fault Location: A Mathematical Morphology-Based Approach

This paper presents a methodology to determine the fault location in power transmission lines (TLs). The approach is based on the use of mathematical morphology to detect the time of arrival and polarity of the traveling waves generated by the fault occurrence. The algorithm contains three modules: fault detection, classification, and location. The detection and classification modules apply the morphological Haar Wavelet to process the current signals measured in one terminal of the TL. In the fault location module, a simplified multiresolution morphological gradient is proposed to precisely determine the traveling waves polarities and the instant they arrive at line terminal. Several fault situations were evaluated considering different simulation parameters such as the sample rate, fault resistance, inception angle, position, and type. Besides, tests were performed considering noise in the sampled signals. The results show that the proposed methodology is accurate and robust.

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