Brain Function Decline in Healthy Retired Athletes who Sustained their Last Sports Concussion in Early Adulthood

[1]  N. Hunkin,et al.  Relative sparing of item recognition memory in a patient with adult‐onset damage limited to the hippocampus , 2002, Hippocampus.

[2]  N. Gosselin,et al.  Neurophysiological Anomalies in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Concussed Athletes , 2006, Neurosurgery.

[3]  E. Donchin,et al.  Performance of concurrent tasks: a psychophysiological analysis of the reciprocity of information-processing resources. , 1983, Science.

[4]  C. Civardi,et al.  Transcranial magnetic stimulation and Parkinson’s disease , 2002, Brain Research Reviews.

[5]  Matthias Oechsner,et al.  Prolonged postexcitatory inhibition after transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex in patients with cerebellar ataxia , 1999, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[6]  E Donchin,et al.  On how P300 amplitude varies with the utility of the eliciting stimuli. , 1978, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[7]  M. Lassonde,et al.  Visual P300 Effects Beyond Symptoms in Concussed College Athletes , 2004, Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology.

[8]  H. Braak,et al.  Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes , 2004, Acta Neuropathologica.

[9]  John Polich,et al.  P300 and response time from a manual Stroop task , 1999, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[10]  B. Jordan,et al.  The Cumulative Effect of Repetitive Concussion in Sports , 2001, Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine.

[11]  G. McCarthy,et al.  Augmenting mental chronometry: the P300 as a measure of stimulus evaluation time. , 1977, Science.

[12]  Maria Grazia Marciani,et al.  Effect of Vigabatrin on motor responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation An effective tool to investigate in vivo GABAergic cortical inhibition in humans , 2004, Brain Research.

[13]  Kristine B Walhovd,et al.  Life-span changes in P3a. , 2004, Psychophysiology.

[14]  E Donchin,et al.  A metric for thought: a comparison of P300 latency and reaction time. , 1981, Science.

[15]  John A. Jane,et al.  Mild head injury in sports: Neuropsychological sequelae and recovery of function. , 1989 .

[16]  S. Folstein,et al.  "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. , 1975, Journal of psychiatric research.

[17]  M. Lassonde,et al.  LONG‐TERM AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS OF SPORTS CONCUSSION ON MOTOR CORTEX INHIBITION , 2007, Neurosurgery.

[18]  G. Reynolds,et al.  Neurochemical-clinical correlates in Huntington's disease--applications of brain banking techniques. , 1993, Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum.

[19]  Bradley T. Hyman,et al.  Distribution of Alzheimer‐type pathologic changes in nondemented elderly individuals matches the pattern in Alzheimer's disease , 1992, Neurology.

[20]  K J Werhahn,et al.  Differential effects on motorcortical inhibition induced by blockade of GABA uptake in humans , 1999, The Journal of physiology.

[21]  J. Borg,et al.  Summary of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Neurotrauma Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. , 2005, Journal of rehabilitation medicine.

[22]  Li-Shan Chou,et al.  Cognitive task effects on gait stability following concussion , 2006, Experimental Brain Research.

[23]  M Okada A method for quantification of alternate pronation and supination of forearms. , 1983, Computers and biomedical research, an international journal.

[24]  A. Cantagallo,et al.  Bradykinesia and bradyphrenia revisited: patterns of subclinical deficit in motor speed and cognitive functioning in head-injured patients with good recovery. , 1998, Brain injury.

[25]  Douglas D. Potter,et al.  Changes in event-related potentials in a three-stimulus auditory oddball task after mild head injury , 2001, Neuropsychologia.

[26]  J. Polich,et al.  Bifurcated P300 Peaks: P3a and P3b Revisited? , 1988, Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society.

[27]  E. Donchin,et al.  Is the P300 component a manifestation of context updating? , 1988, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[28]  B Conrad,et al.  Continuous intrathecal baclofen infusions induced a marked increase of the transcranially evoked silent period in a patient with generalized dystonia , 1998, Muscle & nerve.

[29]  J R Boen,et al.  Concussion incidences and severity in secondary school varsity football players. , 1983, American journal of public health.

[30]  T W Picton,et al.  The P300 Wave of the Human Event‐Related Potential , 1992, Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society.

[31]  K. R. Ridderinkhof,et al.  Inefficient response inhibition in individuals with mild cognitive impairment , 2007, Neuropsychologia.

[32]  W E Wilkinson,et al.  Alzheimer's disease: A study of epidemiological aspects , 1984, Annals of neurology.

[33]  D C Reutens,et al.  Prolonged cortical silent period after transcranial magnetic stimulation in generalized epilepsy , 2001, Neurology.

[34]  S. Marshall,et al.  Association between Recurrent Concussion and Late-Life Cognitive Impairment in Retired Professional Football Players , 2005, Neurosurgery.

[35]  E. Donchin,et al.  The relation of P300 latency to reaction time as a function of expectancy. , 1980, Progress in brain research.

[36]  J. Polich,et al.  Alzheimer's disease and P300: review and evaluation of task and modality. , 2005, Current Alzheimer research.

[37]  C. DeCarli,et al.  Head injury and the risk of AD in the MIRAGE study , 2000, Neurology.

[38]  A. Beuter,et al.  Analysis of rapid alternating movements in Cree subjects exposed to methylmercury and in subjects with neurological deficits. , 1999, Environmental research.

[39]  Ulf Ziemann,et al.  TMS and drugs , 2004, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[40]  M. Mishkin,et al.  Effects on visual recognition of combined and separate ablations of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortex in rhesus monkeys , 1993, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[41]  J. Cohen,et al.  On the number of trials needed for P300. , 1997, International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology.

[42]  J. Polich,et al.  P3a and P3b from typical auditory and visual stimuli , 1999, Clinical Neurophysiology.

[43]  Stephen W Marshall,et al.  Cumulative effects associated with recurrent concussion in collegiate football players: the NCAA Concussion Study. , 2003, JAMA.

[44]  Bruno Kopp,et al.  Fractionating the Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive Control , 2006, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[45]  Marty G. Woldorff,et al.  Abnormal Brain Activity Related to Performance Monitoring and Error Detection in Children with ADHD , 2005, Cortex.

[46]  A. Berardelli,et al.  Task-specific impairment of motor cortical excitation and inhibition in patients with writer's cramp , 2005, Neuroscience Letters.

[47]  J. Soustiel,et al.  Excitatory and inhibitory corticospinal responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with minor to moderate head injury , 2001, Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry.

[48]  Arthur F. Kramer,et al.  Assessing the development of automatic processing: An application of dual-task and event-related brain potential methodologies , 1988, Biological Psychology.

[49]  Patrick Ragert,et al.  Contribution of transcranial magnetic stimulation to the understanding of cortical mechanisms involved in motor control , 2008, The Journal of physiology.

[50]  R. Cantello,et al.  Applications of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Movement Disorders , 2002, Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society.

[51]  J. Polich,et al.  Normal variation of P300 from auditory stimuli. , 1986, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[52]  Pilar López-Larrubia,et al.  Time course of early metabolic changes following diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats as detected by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. , 2007, Journal of neurotrauma.

[53]  Phillip J. Holcomb,et al.  Compensatory neural activity distinguishes different patterns of normal cognitive aging , 2008, NeuroImage.

[54]  L. Squire,et al.  Structure and function of declarative and nondeclarative memory systems. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[55]  L M Schuman,et al.  Head injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease , 1985, Neurology.

[56]  A. Delacourte,et al.  The biochemical pathway of neurofibrillary degeneration in aging and Alzheimer’s disease , 1999, Neurology.

[57]  E. Golob,et al.  Auditory cortical activity in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: relationship to subtype and conversion to dementia. , 2007, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[58]  Elena Slobounov,et al.  DIFFERENTIAL RATE OF RECOVERY IN ATHLETES AFTER FIRST AND SECOND CONCUSSION EPISODES , 2007, Neurosurgery.

[59]  F Lepore,et al.  Concussions in athletes produce brain dysfunction as revealed by event‐related potentials , 2000, Neuroreport.

[60]  Pierre Jolicoeur,et al.  Long-term electrophysiological changes in athletes with a history of multiple concussions , 2007, Brain injury.

[61]  H. Nordby,et al.  Information processing deficits in head injury assessed with ERPs reflecting early and late processing stages , 2000, Neuropsychologia.

[62]  Baris Baklan,et al.  Motor cortical thresholds and cortical silent periods in epilepsy , 2004, Seizure.

[63]  Mandy Miller Koop,et al.  Quantitative measures of fine motor, limb, and postural bradykinesia in very early stage, untreated Parkinson's disease , 2008, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[64]  J. Mortimer,et al.  Early-Life Risk Factors for Alzheimer Disease , 2006, Alzheimer disease and associated disorders.

[65]  R. Cantu,et al.  Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Prague 2004 , 2005, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[66]  I. Reinvang Cognitive Event-Related Potentials in Neuropsychological Assessment , 1999, Neuropsychology Review.

[67]  C. Marsden,et al.  Corticocortical inhibition in human motor cortex. , 1993, The Journal of physiology.

[68]  H. Nordby,et al.  Effects of Hypnotizability on Performance of a Stroop Task and Event-Related Potentials , 1999, Perceptual and motor skills.

[69]  J. Polich Clinical application of the P300 event-related brain potential. , 2004, Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America.

[70]  J. Guralnik,et al.  Documented head injury in early adulthood and risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias , 2000, Neurology.

[71]  P. Dash,et al.  Reversal of Brain Injury-Induced Prefrontal Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Expression and Working Memory Deficits by D1 Receptor Antagonism , 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[72]  L. Osternig,et al.  Gait stability following concussion. , 2006, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[73]  J. Kelly,et al.  Traumatic brain injury and concussion in sports. , 1999, JAMA.

[74]  U. Ziemann,et al.  The role of GABAB receptors in intracortical inhibition in the human motor cortex , 2006, Experimental Brain Research.

[75]  Stephen W Marshall,et al.  No Evidence of Impaired Neurocognitive Performance in Collegiate Soccer Players , 2002, The American journal of sports medicine.

[76]  J. Lefaucheur,et al.  Electrophysiological deterioration over time in patients with Huntington's disease , 2006, Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society.

[77]  A. Ward The physiology of concussion. , 1964, Clinical neurosurgery.

[78]  A. Palmeri,et al.  Cortical silent period prolongation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). , 2004, Functional neurology.

[79]  Grant L Iverson,et al.  Cumulative Effects of Concussion in High School Athletes , 2002, Neurosurgery.

[80]  K. Sundet,et al.  ERP indicators of disturbed attention in mild closed head injury: a frontal lobe syndrome? , 1999, Psychophysiology.

[81]  E. Barbeau,et al.  Evaluation of visual recognition memory in MCI patients , 2004, Neurology.

[82]  A. Starr,et al.  P300 latency correlates with digit span. , 1983, Psychophysiology.

[83]  M. Mishkin,et al.  Object Recognition and Location Memory in Monkeys with Excitotoxic Lesions of the Amygdala and Hippocampus , 1998, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[84]  B T Hyman,et al.  Entorhinal cortex pathology in Alzheimer's disease , 1991, Hippocampus.

[85]  J. Sweeney,et al.  White matter integrity and cognition in chronic traumatic brain injury: a diffusion tensor imaging study. , 2007, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[86]  P Noël,et al.  Magnetic transcranial stimulation: clinical interest of the silent period in acute and chronic stages of stroke. , 1997, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[87]  R. Emmerson,et al.  P3 latency and symbol digit performance correlations in aging. , 1989, Experimental aging research.

[88]  I. Reinvang,et al.  Assessment of P3a and P3b after Moderate to Severe Brain Injury , 2002, Clinical EEG.

[89]  A Pfefferbaum,et al.  Apparent response incompatibility effects on P3 latency depend on the task. , 1986, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[90]  K. Meguro,et al.  Non‐verbal learning is impaired in very mild Alzheimer's disease (CDR 0.5): Normative data from the learning version of the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Test , 2006, Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences.

[91]  C W Eriksen,et al.  Information processing in visual search: A continuous flow conception and experimental results , 1979, Perception & psychophysics.

[92]  R. Werner,et al.  Multimodality evoked potential testing in acute mild closed head injury. , 1991, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[93]  M. Folstein,et al.  Population-based norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and educational level. , 1993, JAMA.

[94]  Giovanni Abbruzzese,et al.  Clinical and Research Methods for Evaluating Cortical Excitability , 2002, Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society.

[95]  E. Donchin,et al.  On quantifying surprise: the variation of event-related potentials with subjective probability. , 1977, Psychophysiology.

[96]  R. Hébert,et al.  Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. , 2002, American journal of epidemiology.