A 130nm CMOS direct conversion transmitter for WCDMA

A highly integrated 0.13um CMOS direct conversion transmitter front-end for wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) is presented. The transmitter delivers +6.8dBm output power while consuming 39mA. The overall gain can be programmed in 6dB steps over a 66dB range with 0.1dB accuracy. The transmitter front-end achieves an OIP3 with +19.2dBm, an error vector magnitude of 3.7%, and an adjacent channel leakage ratio of −44dBc at +6.5dBm output. The image rejection ratio is less than −47dBc in the whole output range.