Nutrition and nitrosamine formation

Nutrition and the fmmation of N-nitroso compounds N-nitroso compounds are an important group of chemical carcinogens that could be involved in human cancer (Magee, 1982). Only a few examples have been found in food and beverages (Assembly of Life Sciences, 1981) but suitable precursors are common dietary constituents (Assembly of Life Sciences, 1981), and the mildly acidic conditions of the stomach are favourable for their formation (Challis, 1981). Over 90% of the N-nitroso compounds tested have proven to be carcinogenic, some in as many as thirty species ranging from mice to primates (Magee et al . 1976). Many are organ-specific carcinogens, producing tumours remote from the site of their administration (Magee et al. I 976). Nonetheless, unequivocal evidence that N-nitroso compounds cause human cancer has proven elusive.

[1]  S. Mirvish.  The etiology of gastric cancer. Intragastric nitrosamide formation and other theories. , 1983, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[2]  P. D. Lawley.  N-Nitroso Compounds , 1990 .

[3]  R. Hunt,et al.  INTRAGASTRIC ACIDITY, BACTERIA, NITRITE, AND N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER CIMETIDINE TREATMENT , 1982, The Lancet.

[4]  P. Magee.  Nitrosamines and human cancer , 1982 .

[5]  G. Eisenbrand,et al.  Reduction of Human Exposure to EnvironmentalN-Nitroso Compounds , 1981 .

[6]  S. Tannenbaum,et al.  The Role of Bacteria in Nitrosamine Formation , 1981 .

[7]  J. Pollock.  ASPECTS OF NITROSATION IN MALTS AND BEERS. I. EXAMINATION OF MALTS FOR THE PRESENCE OF N‐NITROSOPROLINE, N‐NITROSOSARCOSINE AND N‐NITROSOPIPECOLINIC ACID , 1981 .

[8]  P. I. Reed,et al.  GASTRIC JUICE N-NITROSAMINES IN HEALTH AND GASTRODUODENAL DISEASE , 1981, The Lancet.

[9]  H. Bartsch,et al.  Quantitative estimation of endogenous nitrosation in humans by monitoring N-nitrosoproline excreted in the urine. , 1981, Cancer research.

[10]  H. Oda,et al.  Alterations of nitrite and nitrate concentrations in the blood of mice exposed to nitrogen dioxide. , 1981, Environmental research.

[11]  T. Smith,et al.  Amines in food , 1981 .

[12]  C. Ioannides,et al.  Safety evaluation of nitrosatable drugs and chemicals , 1981 .

[13]  H. Newmark,et al.  α-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) and Its Relationship to Tumor Induction and Development , 1981 .

[14]  J. Sams,et al.  Identification of alkylureas after nitrosation-denitrosation of a bonito fish product, crab, lobster, and bacon. , 1980, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[15]  P. Schlag,et al.  ARE NITRITE AND N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS IN GASTRIC JUICE RISK FACTORS FOR CARCINOMA IN THE OPERATED STOMACH? , 1980, The Lancet.

[16]  S. D. Lee,et al.  Nitrogen oxides and their effects on health , 1980 .

[17]  D. Shuker,et al.  Chemistry of nitroso-compounds. Part 16. Formation of N-nitrosamines from dissolved NOCI in the presence of alkanolamines and related compounds. , 1980, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[18]  B. G. Gowenlock,et al.  Nitrosative dealkylation of some symmetrical tertiary amines , 1979 .

[19]  S. Kyrtopoulos,et al.  The chemistry of nitroso-compounds. Part 11. Nitrosation of amines by the two-phase interaction of amines in solution with gaseous oxides of nitrogen , 1979 .

[20]  P. Swann.  Environmental Aspects of N-nitroso Compounds , 1979, British Journal of Cancer.

[21]  B. C. Challis,et al.  The chemistry of nitroso-compounds. Part 15. Formation of N-nitrosamines in solution from gaseous nitric oxide in the presence of iodine , 1979 .

[22]  G. Eisenbrand,et al.  Contamination of beer with trace quantities of N-nitrosodimethylamine. , 1979, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[23]  M. Hill,et al.  PATHOGENESIS OF GASTRIC CANCER IN PERNICIOUS ANÆMIA , 1978, The Lancet.

[24]  B. C. Challis,et al.  Rapid formation of N-nitrosamines from nitric oxide in the presence of silver(I) salts , 1978 .

[25]  M. Castegnaro,et al.  Environmental aspects of N-nitroso compounds. , 1978 .

[26]  J. Maga.  Amines in foods. , 1978, CRC critical reviews in food science and nutrition.

[27]  Neurath Gb,et al.  Primary and secondary amines in the human environment. , 1977, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[28]  S. Tannenbaum,et al.  The effect of nitrate intake on nitrite formation in human saliva. , 1976, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[29]  G. Eisenbrand,et al.  Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite content of human saliva: possible relevance to in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds. , 1976, Food and cosmetics toxicology.

[30]  W. Lijinsky,et al.  Naturally occurring nitrosatable compounds. I. Secondary amines in foodstuffs. , 1976, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[31]  J. White.  Relative significance of dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite. , 1975, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[32]  S. Mirvish.  Formation of N-nitroso compounds: chemistry, kinetics, and in vivo occurrence. , 1975, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[33]  E. Gruger.  Chromatographic analyses of volatile amines in marine fish , 1972 .

[34]  J. Ridd.  Nitrosation, diazotisation, and deamination , 1961 .