Assistance à l'élaboration de gammes d'assemblage innovantes de structures composites

Ces travaux proposent une methode d’assistance a la selection des techniques d’assemblage et a l’allocation de tolerances sur les ecarts geometriques des composants dans le cadre de l’assemblage de structures aeronautiques composites. Cette methode consiste a formuler et a resoudre un probleme d’optimisation multiobjectif afin de minimiser un indicateur de cout et un indicateur de non-conformite des structures assemblees. L’indicateur de cout propose prend en compte le cout associe a l’allocation des tolerances geometriques ainsi que le cout associe aux operations d’assemblage. Les indicateurs de non-conformites proposes sont evalues a partir des probabilites de non-respect des exigences geometriques sur les structures assemblees. Ces probabilites sont evaluees en propageant les tolerances geometriques allouees et les dispersions des techniques selectionnees au travers d’une fonction appelee Relation de Comportement de l’assemblage (RdCa). Dans le cas de l’assemblage de structures aeronautiques composites, des exigences peuvent porter sur les jeux aux interfaces entre composants. Dans ce cas, la RdCa est evaluee par la resolution d’un probleme mecanique quasi-statique non-lineaire par la methode des elements finis. Un meta-modele de la RdCa est construit afin de la rendre compatible avec les methodes probabilistes utilisees pour evaluer la non-conformite. Finalement, la definition d’un modele structuro-fonctionnel du produit et d’une bibliotheque de techniques d’assemblage permet de construire un avant-projet de gamme d’assemblage parametrique. Ce parametrage permet de formuler le probleme d’optimisation multiobjectif resolu a l’aide d’un algorithme genetique.

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