Policy Effectiveness for Containing CO2 Emissions in Transportation

Global warming is one of the causes of transportation unsustainability of our days and CO2 is generally considered the most important indicator for quantifying its effects. Reducing CO2 emissions from transportation by diverting traffic demand to less polluting modes has been one of the main priorities of European policy of the last decades and hence a good number of effective measures have been planned and implemented throughout the Continent. This paper provides a thorough taxonomy for these measures, then reviews their results of a good number of projects, and finally shows the forecasted outcome of an appropriate transportation policy in support of the construction of the Brenner railway tunnel.

[1]  Unfccc.  Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , 1997 .

[2]  P G Boulter,et al.  Emission factors 2009: Report 2 - a review of the average-speed approach for estimating hot exhaust emissions , 2009 .

[3]  Henning Schwarz,et al.  Ecology profile of the german high-speed rail passenger transport system, ICE , 2003 .

[4]  Eric J. Johnson,et al.  Decisions Under Uncertainty: Psychological, Economic, and Neuroeconomic Explanations of Risk Preference , 2009 .

[5]  V. Masson‐Delmotte,et al.  Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim? , 2008, 0804.1126.

[6]  F. W. Stoss,et al.  Performance of the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) , 1993 .

[7]  S. Schneider,et al.  Climate Change 2007 Synthesis report , 2008 .

[8]  Quan Zhang,et al.  Decision consolidation: criteria weight determination using multiple preference formats , 2004, Decis. Support Syst..

[9]  Pushpam Kumar.  Agriculture (Chapter8) in IPCC, 2007: Climate change 2007: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , 2007 .

[10]  Syukuro Manabe,et al.  Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity , 1967 .

[11]  L. Ntziachristos,et al.  Validation of road vehicle and traffic emission models – A review and meta-analysis , 2010 .

[12]  Thomas L. Saaty,et al.  Theory and Applications of the Analytic Network Process: Decision Making With Benefits, Opportunities, Costs, and Risks , 2005 .

[13]  Michael Wegener,et al.  PROPOLIS: Planning and Research of Policies for Land Use and Transport for Increasing Urban Sustainability , 2004 .

[14]  Samuel Labi,et al.  Transportation Decision Making: Principles of Project Evaluation and Programming , 2007 .

[15]  Popi Konidari,et al.  A multi-criteria evaluation method for climate change mitigation policy instruments , 2007 .

[16]  B. Hobbs,et al.  An evaluation of multi-criteria methods in integrated assessment of climate policy , 2001 .

[17]  M. L. Olivo-Garrido,et al.  Potential impacts of climate change , 2012 .

[18]  Ian Jordaan.  Decisions under Uncertainty: Probabilistic Analysis for Engineering Decisions , 2005 .

[19]  Toru Nakamura.  WHITE PAPER, European transport policy for 2010 : time to decide , 2004 .