VIPA spectrometer calibration and comb-cavity locking schemes comparison for sensitive and accurate frequency comb spectroscopy

In direct frequency comb spectroscopy with a VIPA spectrometer, the resolution of the spectrometer is usually insufficient to resolve the comb modes. Thus, one can either filter the modes, reducing the density of spectral elements or cope with the inability to uniquely identify spectral elements with individual comb modes by calibrating the spectrometer itself. Here, we present a way to make use of the inherent frequency accuracy of a stabilized frequency comb to calibrate the spectrometer. We also present a comparison between two commonly used schemes to stabilize the coupling between a frequency comb and cavity resonances: the Pound-Drever-Hall locking scheme and the swept coupling scheme.

[1]  P. Laporta,et al.  Scanning micro-resonator direct-comb absolute spectroscopy , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[2]  Jun Ye,et al.  CAVITY-ENHANCED OPTICAL FREQUENCY COMB SPECTROSCOPY , 2009 .

[3]  John L. Hall,et al.  Laser phase and frequency stabilization using an optical resonator , 1983 .

[4]  Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb spectroscopy: a sensitive technique for high-resolution broadband molecular detection , 2014, 1410.8800.

[5]  Julien Mandon,et al.  Fourier transform spectroscopy with a laser frequency comb , 2009 .

[6]  Jun Ye,et al.  Cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb spectroscopy: application to human breath analysis. , 2008, Optics express.

[7]  E. Black An introduction to Pound–Drever–Hall laser frequency stabilization , 2001 .

[8]  Scott A. Diddams,et al.  Molecular fingerprinting with the resolved modes of a femtosecond laser frequency comb , 2007, Nature.

[9]  S. Diddams,et al.  Rapid, broadband spectroscopic temperature measurement of $$\hbox {CO}_2$$CO2 using VIPA spectroscopy , 2016, 1602.00129.

[10]  Thomas K. Allison,et al.  Cavity-enhanced ultrafast spectroscopy: ultrafast meets ultrasensitive , 2016 .

[11]  Daniele Romanini,et al.  Introduction to Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy , 2014 .

[12]  Jun Ye,et al.  Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy , 2008, 0803.4509.

[13]  C. Golkowski,et al.  Hydrogen-Peroxide-Enhanced Nonthermal Plasma Effluent for Biomedical Applications , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science.

[14]  Martin E. Fermann,et al.  Surpassing the path-limited resolution of Fourier-transform spectrometry with frequency combs , 2016 .

[15]  Jun Ye,et al.  Mid-Infrared Time-Resolved Frequency Comb Spectroscopy of Transient Free Radicals. , 2014, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[16]  T. C. Briles,et al.  Optical frequency comb spectroscopy. , 2011, Faraday discussions.

[17]  Jun Ye,et al.  References and Notes Supporting Online Material Broadband Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy for Sensitive and Rapid Molecular Detection , 2022 .

[18]  David Patterson,et al.  Continuous probing of cold complex molecules with infrared frequency comb spectroscopy , 2016, Nature.

[19]  Ingmar Hartl,et al.  Octave-spanning ultrafast OPO with 2.6-6.1 µm instantaneous bandwidth pumped by femtosecond Tm-fiber laser. , 2012, Optics express.

[20]  Shijun Xiao,et al.  A dispersion law for virtually imaged phased-array spectral dispersers based on paraxial wave theory , 2004, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics.

[21]  Daniele Romanini,et al.  Modelocked cavity--enhanced absorption spectroscopy. , 2002 .

[22]  I. Coddington,et al.  Dual-comb spectroscopy. , 2016, Optica.

[23]  Jun Ye,et al.  Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy: technology and applications. , 2010, Annual review of analytical chemistry.

[24]  Richard T. White,et al.  Complex direct comb spectroscopy with a virtually imaged phased array. , 2016, Optics letters.

[25]  Jun Ye,et al.  Mid-Infrared Frequency Comb Fourier Transform Spectrometer , 2010, 1007.0716.

[26]  Jun Ye,et al.  Quantum-noise-limited optical frequency comb spectroscopy. , 2011, Physical review letters.

[27]  Shijun Xiao,et al.  2-D wavelength demultiplexer with potential for >/= 1000 channels in the C-band. , 2004, Optics express.

[28]  A. Foltynowicz,et al.  Cavity-enhanced optical frequency comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared application to trace detection of hydrogen peroxide , 2012, 1202.1216.

[29]  Christian Mohr,et al.  Fourier transform and Vernier spectroscopy using an optical frequency comb at 3-5.4  μm. , 2016, Optics letters.

[30]  Jun Ye,et al.  Mid-infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy with a broadband frequency comb. , 2010, Optics express.