Chebyshev Stopbands for CIC Decimation Filters and CIC-Implemented Array Tapers in 1D and 2D

The stopbands of a cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) decimation filter are ordinarily very narrow, as each results from a single multiple zero. Here response sharpening with a Chebyshev polynomial, using a previously reported CIC variant, separates each such multiple zero into an equiripple stopband. By trading unneeded depth at stopband center for improved depth at the stopband edge, the latter depth improves by some 6(N-1) dB in an Nth-order system. Increased computational complexity is modest: a few low-speed additions and multiplications by small integer coefficients that can often be chosen as powers of two. Alternatively, parameters can be configured to replace the many small stopbands with one large one, and this is demonstrated here with example spatial-processing CIC designs that create pencil beams for 1D and 2D receive antenna arrays.

[1]  Sanjit K. Mitra,et al.  Stepped Triangular CIC Filter for Rational Sample Rate Conversion , 2006, APCCAS 2006 - 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems.

[2]  S.K. Mitra,et al.  A New Two-Stage CIC-Based Decimation Filter , 2007, 2007 5th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis.

[3]  Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek,et al.  Passband and stopband CIC improvement based on efficient IIR filter structure , 2010, 2010 53rd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[4]  Satish Sharma,et al.  Hardware Realization of Modified CIC Filter for Satellite Communication , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks.

[5]  Sanjit K. Mitra,et al.  A new two-stage sharpened comb decimator , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[6]  Massimiliano Laddomada,et al.  Comb-Cosine prefilter based decimation filter , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology.

[7]  Habib Mehrez,et al.  Low-power Comb Decimation Filter Using Polyphase Decomposition For Mono-bit Sigma-Delta Analog-to-Digital Converters , 2000 .

[8]  Massimiliano Laddomada Comb-Based Decimation Filters for $\Sigma \Delta$ A/D Converters: Novel Schemes and Comparisons , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[9]  Fred Harris,et al.  On design of two-stage CIC compensation filter , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[10]  G. Dolecek,et al.  Modified CIC filter for rational sample rate conversion , 2007, 2007 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies.

[11]  Habib Mehrez,et al.  Low power Comb Decimation Filter Using Polyphase Decomposition For Mono-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converters , 2000 .

[12]  Kye-Shin Lee,et al.  A power-efficient polyphase sharpened CIC filter for sigma-delta ADCs , 2011, 2011 IEEE 54th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS).

[13]  Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek Compensated sharpened comb decimation filter , 2011 .

[14]  Sanjit K. Mitra,et al.  Sharpened comb decimator with improved magnitude response , 2004, 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[15]  Zhang Yuhua,et al.  The Efficient Design and Modification of Cascaded Integrator Comb Filter , 2010, 2010 WASE International Conference on Information Engineering.

[16]  Markus Püschel,et al.  Multiplierless multiple constant multiplication , 2007, TALG.

[17]  H. Aboushady,et al.  Efficient polyphase decomposition of comb decimation filters in /spl Sigma//spl utri/ analog-to-digital converters , 2001 .

[18]  E. Hogenauer,et al.  An economical class of digital filters for decimation and interpolation , 1981 .

[19]  John W. Tukey,et al.  Exploratory Data Analysis. , 1979 .

[20]  G.J. Dolecek,et al.  Design of CIC Compensator Filter in a Digital IF Receiver , 2008, 2008 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies.

[21]  Algirdas Avizienis,et al.  Signed-Digit Numbe Representations for Fast Parallel Arithmetic , 1961, IRE Trans. Electron. Comput..

[22]  Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek,et al.  Generalized CIC-cosine decimation filter , 2010, 2010 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA).

[23]  Jeffrey O. Coleman Express Coefficients in 13-ary , Radix-4 CSD to Create Computationally Efficient Multiplierless FIR Filters , 2001 .

[24]  Oscar Gustafsson,et al.  Switching activity estimation of CIC filter integrators , 2010, 2010 Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia).

[25]  Alan N. Willson,et al.  Application of filter sharpening to cascaded integrator-comb decimation filters , 1997, IEEE Trans. Signal Process..

[26]  H. Aboushady,et al.  EFFICIENT POLYPHASE DECOMPOSITION OF COMB DECIMATION FILTERS , 2022 .

[27]  Alan N. Willson,et al.  A 1.2 Gb/s recursive polyphase cascaded integrator-comb prefilter for high speed digital decimation filters in 0.18-μm CMOS , 2010, Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[28]  M. Laddomada Generalized Comb Decimation Filters for $\Sigma\Delta$ A/D Converters: Analysis and Design , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[29]  T. Saramaki,et al.  A modified comb filter structure for decimation , 1997, Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Circuits and Systems in the Information Age ISCAS '97.

[30]  Oscar Gustafsson,et al.  Bit-level optimized FIR filter architectures for high-speed decimation applications , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[31]  Robert W. Stewart,et al.  High speed sharpening of decimating CIC filters , 2004 .

[32]  D.P. Scholnik,et al.  A specification language for the optimal design of exotic FIR filters with second-order cone programs , 2002, Conference Record of the Thirty-Sixth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2002..

[33]  Xiong Liu,et al.  A 1Gsample/Sec non-recursive sharpened cascaded integrator-comb filter with 70 dB alias rejection and 0.003 dB droop in 0.18-µm CMOS , 2009, 2009 IEEE 8th International Conference on ASIC.

[34]  Yonghui Hu,et al.  A Novel CIC Decimation Filter for GNSS Receiver Based on Software Defined Radio , 2011, 2011 7th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing.

[35]  Oscar Gustafsson,et al.  Redundancy reduction for high-speed fir filter architectures based on carry-save adder trees , 2010, Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[36]  G. Jovanovic Dolecek Simple wideband CIC compensator , 2009 .

[37]  Lars Wanhammar,et al.  Power estimation of recursive and non-recursive CIC filters implemented in deep-submicron technology , 2010, The 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems.

[38]  R. Hamming,et al.  Sharpening the response of a symmetric nonrecursive filter by multiple use of the same filter , 1977 .

[39]  H. Aboushady,et al.  Efficient polyphase decomposition of Comb decimation filters in /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ analog-to-digital converters , 2000, Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Cat.No.CH37144).

[40]  Xiong Liu A High Speed Digital Decimation Filter with Parallel Cascaded Integrator-Comb Pre-Filters , 2009, 2009 2nd International Congress on Image and Signal Processing.

[41]  R.K. James,et al.  Polyphase Implementation of Non-recursive Comb Decimators for Sigma-Delta A/D Converters , 2007, 2007 IEEE Conference on Electron Devices and Solid-State Circuits.

[42]  S.K. Mitra,et al.  Stepped Triangular CIC-Cosine Decimation Filter , 2006, Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Signal Processing Symposium - NORSIG 2006.

[43]  Massimiliano Laddomada,et al.  Decimation schemes for ΣΔ A/D converters based on Kaiser and Hamming sharpened filters , 2004 .

[44]  Massimiliano Laddomada,et al.  An Economical Class of Droop-Compensated Generalized Comb Filters: Analysis and Design , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[45]  Jeffrey O. Coleman,et al.  Planar Arrays on Lattices and Their FFT Steering, a Primer , 2011 .

[46]  Letizia Lo Presti,et al.  Efficient modified-sinc filters for sigma-delta A/D converters , 2000 .

[47]  Massimiliano Laddomada On the Polyphase Decomposition for Design of Generalized Comb Decimation Filters , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[48]  Gordana Jovanovic-Dolecek,et al.  A new cascaded modified CIC-cosine decimation filter , 2005, 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[49]  Bing Li,et al.  The Design of Compensation Filter Based on Digital Receiver , 2011, 2011 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation.

[50]  Sanjit K. Mitra,et al.  Efficient sharpening of CIC decimation filter , 2003, 2003 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2003. Proceedings. (ICASSP '03)..

[51]  L. Lo Presti,et al.  An efficient decimation sinc-filter design for software radio applications , 2001, 2001 IEEE Third Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC'01). Workshop Proceedings (Cat. No.01EX471).

[52]  Jeffrey O. Coleman Cascaded coefficient number systems lead to FIR filters of striking computational efficiency , 2001, ICECS 2001. 8th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (Cat. No.01EX483).

[53]  S.K. Mitra,et al.  Efficient comb-rotated sinc (RS) decimator with sharpened magnitude response , 2004, The 2004 47th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2004. MWSCAS '04..

[54]  Sanjit K. Mitra,et al.  Two-stage CIC-based decimator with improved characteristics , 2010 .