Local Journalism and the Information Needs of Local Communities

This paper presents a three-level conceptual and methodological framework for assessing local journalism and the extent to which it meets community information needs. This research grows from frequent calls from policymakers, foundations, and advocacy groups for methods and measures to facilitate comparative analyses of the state of local journalism in different communities. Further, the goal here is to develop a methodological approach that can be realistically scaled to large numbers of communities in order to facilitate analysis of both the factors that affect the state of local journalism and the ways local journalism may affect the state of local communities. The methodological approach presented here focuses on infrastructure (the availability of journalistic sources), output (the quantity of journalistic output from these sources), and performance (the extent to which this output is original, is about the local community, and addresses critical information needs). An exploratory application of this methodological approach is then presented for three communities. The results indicate substantial differences in the journalism infrastructure, output, and performance across these communities and suggest possible points of focus for future research.

[1]  J. Rauch,et al.  All the News That's Fit to Sell: How the Market Transforms Information Into News , 2006 .

[2]  Stephen Lacy,et al.  Newspapers Devote Far Less Coverage to County Government than to City Governance , 2013 .

[3]  Jeffrey A. Gottfried,et al.  News use across social media platforms 2016 , 2016 .

[4]  Marc Edge Newsonomics: Twelve Trends That Will Shape the News You Get , 2011 .

[5]  S. Waldman,et al.  Information Needs of Communities: The Changing Media Landscape in a Broadband Age , 2011 .

[6]  Frank D. Drake,et al.  Is Anyone Out There , 1992 .

[7]  Danilo Yanich,et al.  Citizens' Critical Information Needs & Local TV News , 2015 .

[8]  Mehmet Hadi Gunes,et al.  Mapping Emerging News Networks: A Case Study of the San Francisco Bay Area , 2012, CompleNet.

[9]  Robert G. Picard,et al.  Twilight or New Dawn of Journalism? , 2014 .

[10]  Mehmet Hadi Gunes,et al.  Popularity is Not the Same Thing as Influence: A Study of the Bay Area News System , 2012 .

[11]  Rahsaan Maxwell,et al.  Shaping immigration news: a French-American comparison , 2016 .

[12]  Seungahn Nah,et al.  Patch.com , 2014 .

[13]  C. E. Baker,et al.  Media, Markets, and Democracy: Frontmatter , 2001 .

[14]  Hayeon Song,et al.  Geo-ethnic storytelling , 2006 .

[15]  Steven Barnett,et al.  Plurality, Policy and the Local , 2015 .

[16]  Philip M. Napoli,et al.  Portrait of the Online Local News Audience , 2017 .

[17]  Michael Karlsson,et al.  “Random acts of journalism?”: How citizen journalists tell the news in Sweden , 2015, New Media Soc..

[18]  Lisa M. George,et al.  The New York Times and the Market for Local Newspapers , 2006 .

[19]  Kimberly A. Neuendorf,et al.  The Content Analysis Guidebook , 2001 .

[20]  Michael Karlsson,et al.  Is Anyone out There? , 2014 .

[21]  J. Wood,et al.  Local Journalism: The Decline of Newspapers and the Rise of Digital Media , 2016 .

[22]  Kevin Sites,et al.  THE FUTURE OF JOURNALISM , 2007 .

[23]  Philip M. Napoli,et al.  Policy Issues Surrounding Journalism , 2018 .

[24]  Lisa M Powell,et al.  Food prices, access to food outlets and child weight. , 2009, Economics and human biology.

[25]  T. E. Patterson,et al.  Informing the News: The Need for Knowledge-Based Journalism , 2013 .

[26]  Soomin Seo - DRAFT-Review of the Literature Regarding Critical Information Needs of the American Public , 2012 .

[27]  Oscar H. Gandy,et al.  Informing Communities: Sustaining Democracy in the Digital Age. the Report of the Knight Commission on the Information Needs of Communities in a Democracy , 2010 .

[28]  Richard E. Caves,et al.  American Industry: Structure, Conduct, Performance , 1992 .

[29]  Louise M. Benjamin Foundations of Communications Policy: Principles and Process in the Regulation of Electronic Media , 2001 .

[30]  D. Domingo,et al.  Tracing Digital News Networks , 2015 .

[31]  Clay Shirky,et al.  Post-Industrial Journalism: Adapting to the Present , 2014 .

[32]  Fiona Morgan The Stories Not Told: A Case Study of the Information Needs of Siler City, North Carolina , 2013 .

[33]  Kristy Hess,et al.  Geo-Social Journalism , 2014 .

[34]  Jerome Turner,et al.  Filling the news hole? UK community news and the crisis in local journalism , 2015 .