On-chip sensing of volatile organic compounds in water by hybrid polymer and silicon photonic-crystal slot-waveguide devices

Lab-on-chip integrated infrared spectroscopy and sensing with hybrid polymer and silicon photonic crystal slot waveguides is demonstrated for the specific and selective identification of volatile organic compounds, xylene and toluene, in water. A 300 micron long photonic crystal slot waveguide was demonstrated that enabled the detection of 100ppb xylene in water by near-infrared absorption signatures, with five times higher sensitivity on an order of magnitude smaller length scale. The on-chip absorption spectroscopy, determined by Beer-Lambert absorption law, is enabled by the combined effects of slow light and high electric field intensity enhancement in photonic crystal slot waveguides.

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