ToA Ranging and Layer Thickness Computation in Nonhomogeneous Media

This paper introduces a novel and effective ranging approach in nonhomogeneous (NH) media consisting of frequency dispersive submedia via time-of-arrival (ToA). Here, the NH environment consists of sublayers with a specific thickness that is estimated throughout the ranging process. First, a novel technique for ToA estimation in the presence of frequency dispersive submedia via orthogonal frequency division multiple access subcarriers is proposed. In the proposed technique, preallocated orthogonal subcarriers are utilized to construct a ranging waveform that enables high-performance ToA estimation in dispersive NH media in the frequency domain. The proposed ToA technique is exploited for multiple ToA measurements at different carrier frequencies, which leads to a system of linear equations that can be solved to compute the thickness of the available submedia and calculate the range. Simulation results for underwater-airborne media and underground channel confirm that the proposed technique offers high-resolution ranging at different signal to noise ratio regimes in the NH media.

[1]  Seyed A. Reza Zekavat,et al.  Joint Neighbor Discovery and Time of Arrival Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks via OFDMA , 2015, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[2]  Ismail Güvenç,et al.  High-Resolution TOA Estimation with Multi-Band OFDM UWB Signals , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[3]  Winston Khoon Guan Seah,et al.  Localization in underwater sensor networks: survey and challenges , 2006, Underwater Networks.

[4]  Arthur Jay Barabell,et al.  Improving the resolution performance of eigenstructure-based direction-finding algorithms , 1983, ICASSP.

[5]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Signal propagation techniques for wireless underground communication networks , 2009, Phys. Commun..

[6]  Sermsak Jaruwatanadilok,et al.  Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Channel Modeling and Performance Evaluation using Vector Radiative Transfer Theory , 2008, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[7]  G. Carter,et al.  The generalized correlation method for estimation of time delay , 1976 .

[8]  Zhonghai Wang,et al.  A Novel Semidistributed Localization Via Multinode TOA–DOA Fusion , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[9]  Satarupa Banerjee,et al.  Lidar detection of underwater objects using a neuro-SVM-based architecture , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks.

[10]  Robert A. Scholtz,et al.  Ranging in a dense multipath environment using an UWB radio link , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[11]  Fengqi Yu,et al.  LSWD: localization scheme for wireless sensor networks using directional antenna , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[12]  Wolfgang Menzel,et al.  Time of arrival based localization of UWB transmitters buried in lossy dielectric media , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband.

[13]  Ying Zhang,et al.  Localization from connectivity in sensor networks , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems.

[14]  Hongyang Chen,et al.  Distributed Wireless Sensor Network Localization Via Sequential Greedy Optimization Algorithm , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[15]  Ratnesh Kumar,et al.  Network based sensor localization in multi-media application of precision agriculture Part 2: Time of arrival , 2014, Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control.

[16]  Milica Stojanovic,et al.  Underwater acoustic communication channels: Propagation models and statistical characterization , 2009, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[17]  Yingning Peng,et al.  Super-Resolution Time Delay Estimation in Multipath Environments , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[18]  Zhi Ding,et al.  Source Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks From Signal Time-of-Arrival Measurements , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[19]  John P. Ianniello.  High-resolution multipath time delay estimation for broad-band random signals , 1988, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[20]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Author's Personal Copy Physical Communication Channel Model and Analysis for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks in Soil Medium , 2022 .

[21]  Yu-Yi Cheng,et al.  A new received signal strength based location estimation scheme for wireless sensor network , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[22]  M. Pieraccini,et al.  Propagation of Large Bandwidth Microwave Signals in Water , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[23]  Norman Wagner,et al.  Experimental Investigations on the Frequency- and Temperature-Dependent Dielectric Material Properties of Soil , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[24]  T. Kailath,et al.  Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques - ESPRIT , 1986 .

[25]  Yide Wang,et al.  Time Delay and Permittivity Estimation by Ground-Penetrating Radar With Support Vector Regression , 2014, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[26]  Daegun Oh,et al.  Two-Dimensional ESPRIT-Like Shift-Invariant TOA Estimation Algorithm Using Multi-Band Chirp Signals Robust to Carrier Frequency Offset , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[27]  Kaveh Pahlavan,et al.  DOA-Based Endoscopy Capsule Localization and Orientation Estimation via Unscented Kalman Filter , 2014, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[28]  A. Quazi.  An overview on the time delay estimate in active and passive systems for target localization , 1981 .

[29]  Ossama Abdelkhalik,et al.  A Weighted Measurement Fusion Kalman Filter implementation for UAV navigation , 2013 .

[30]  I. Thanasopoulos,et al.  Wavelet analysis of short range seismic signals for accurate time of arrival estimation in dispersive environments , 2011 .

[31]  Zhongxiang Shen,et al.  An improved MUSIC TOA estimator for RFID positioning , 2002, RADAR 2002.

[32]  Lili Zhang,et al.  Time-Delay Estimation for Ground Penetrating Radar Using ESPRIT With Improved Spatial SmoothingTechnique , 2014, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[33]  Gang Wang,et al.  Efficient Convex Relaxation Methods for Robust Target Localization by a Sensor Network Using Time Differences of Arrivals , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.

[34]  Xianhui Che,et al.  Re-evaluation of RF electromagnetic communication in underwater sensor networks , 2010, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[35]  Kaveh Pahlavan,et al.  Challenges in Channel Measurement and Modeling for RF Localization Inside the Human Body , 2012, Int. J. Embed. Real Time Commun. Syst..

[36]  Wenbing Wang,et al.  Estimation of Echo Amplitude and Time Delay for OFDM-Based Ground-Penetrating Radar , 2015, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[37]  Mohsen Jamalabdollahi,et al.  Energy efficient ranging in wireless sensor networks via a new time slot-based round-trip algorithm , 2014, 2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference.

[38]  Seyed Alireza Zekavat,et al.  A Novel Wireless Local Positioning System via a Merger of DS-CDMA and Beamforming: Probability-of-Detection Performance Analysis Under Array Perturbations , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.