Method and apparatus for data packets transmission and reception, and processing method and system

The embodiments in the invention provide a method and apparatus for data packets transmission and reception, and a processing method and system. The transmission method includes the steps: a Radio Link Control RLC layer transmits data packets to a Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDCP layer (101), and the RLC layer transmits an end-of-reestablishing indication identifier to the PDCP layer (102). The reception method includes the steps: the PDCP layer performs corresponding processing for the received data packets transmitted by the RLC layer after receiving a beginning-of-reestablishing indication identifier and before receiving the end-of-reestablishing indication identifier transmitted by the RLC layer. A Radio Resource Contro l RRC layer of the embodiments in the invention only needs to transmit the beginning-of-reestablishing indication identifier to the PDCP layer or the RLC layer once, namely to trigger the reestablishing indication once in the RLC reestablishing process; thereby the times of the RRC layer triggering the reestablishing indication in the RLC reestablishing process are reduced, and the burden of the RRC layer is lightened.