Application of model predictive control for the optimization of thermo-hygrometric comfort and energy consumption of buildings

The use of tools of simulation in every field of engineering is in the last years widely spreading. Lot of them can be used and a large amount of simulators can be found on the market in order to perform every kind of analysis and prediction. In the field of building/plant system, tools based on white, grey and black box approaches are often used as a function of accuracy and reliability. Several tools were developed according to mathematical models and transient analysis in order to perform Building Energy Simulations. The lumped capacitance models have a potential in terms of both data reliability and low computational cost. The Resistance-Capacitance models can be realized with different orders to improve the dynamic thermal behavior of building and coupled with model-based design tools. Dymola with Modelica language can provide a useful tool for engineers to design a thermohygrometric comfort model optimizing the energy consumptions. The paper describes a calculation method developed with the aid of an outdoor test cell, based on a second order Lumped parameters model coupled with a hygrometric model and a Model Predictive Control thanks to a library for real time control and management of energy consumptions and thermal comfort. RÉSUMÉ. L'utilisation d'outils de simulation dans tous les domaines de l'ingénierie s'est largement répandue ces dernières années. Beaucoup d'entre eux peuvent être utilisés et une grande quantité de simulateurs peuvent être trouvés sur le marché afin d'effectuer tout type d'analyse et de prévision. Dans le domaine des systèmes de bâtiments / installations, les outils basés sur les approches de boîte blanche, grise et noire sont souvent utilisés en fonction de la précision et de la fiabilité. 376 I2M. Volume 17 – n° 3/2018 Plusieurs outils ont été développés selon des modèles mathématiques et des analyses transitoires afin de réaliser des simulations d'énergie du bâtiment. Les modèles de capacité concentrée ont un potentiel en termes de fiabilité des données et de faible coût de calcul. Les modèles Résistance-Capacité peuvent être réalisés avec différents ordres pour améliorer le comportement thermique dynamique du bâtiment et associés à des outils de conception basés sur des modèles. Dymola avec le langage Modelica peut fournir aux ingénieurs un outil utile pour concevoir un modèle de confort thermo-hygrométrique optimisant les consommations d'énergie. L'article décrit une méthode de calcul développée à l'aide d'une cellule de test extérieure, basée sur un modèle à paramètres concentrées de second ordre associé à un modèle hygrométrique et à une commande prédictive, grâce à une bibliothèque pour le contrôle en temps réel et la gestion des consommations d'énergie et du confort thermique.

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