In 2014, Australia’s mineral exports (excluding petroleum products) amounted to approximately $157 billion which was almost 59% of all export merchandise, 48% of all exported goods and services and approximately 10% of gross domestic product. Given the importance of mineral resources to the Australian economy, Geoscience Australia publishes mineral resource estimates for all major, and some minor, commodities (Table 1). This assessment provides useful long-term indicators of resource life, future supply capability and a broad outlook for policy makers and planners that will assist with government policy decisions and programs associated with the minerals sector and the sustainable development of resources.