Recent advances in stimuli-responsive polymer systems for remotely controlled drug release

Abstract Promoted by recent advances in developing nanomaterials and drug delivery, stimuli-responsive polymer systems that can remotely trigger drug release in a spatiotemporal manner has attracted significant attention in biotechnology. Implementation of remote-controlled release requires functional polymers to be susceptible to specific physical and/or chemical stimuli. In this minireview, we focus on the recent advances in the construction of stimuli-responsive polymer systems for remotely controlling drug release in response to an externally applied stimulus (light, microwave, magnetic field, electric field and ultrasound). The design of the stimuli-responsive polymer systems and formulations to remotely control the release of drug molecules is also highlighted in this minireview. Furthermore, the potential in biomedical applications and the perspectives of future developments of these stimuli-responsive polymer systems are also briefly discussed.

[1]  Xi Zhang,et al.  Photo-responsive supramolecular polymers synthesized by olefin metathesis polymerization from supramonomers , 2016 .

[2]  Wei Li,et al.  A photosensitive liposome with NIR light triggered doxorubicin release as a combined photodynamic‐chemo therapy system , 2018, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[3]  Xiaoyuan Chen,et al.  Chemotherapeutic drug‐photothermal agent co‐self‐assembling nanoparticles for near‐infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic dual‐modal imaging‐guided chemo‐photothermal synergistic therapy , 2017, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[4]  D. Das,et al.  Efficient MoS2 Exfoliation by Cross-β-Amyloid Nanotubes for Multistimuli-Responsive and Biodegradable Aqueous Dispersions. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[5]  D. Oupický,et al.  Near‐infrared light‐triggered drug release from a multiple lipid carrier complex using an all‐in‐one strategy , 2017, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[6]  Yu Cao,et al.  Fabricating Aptamer‐Conjugated PEGylated‐MoS2/Cu1.8S Theranostic Nanoplatform for Multiplexed Imaging Diagnosis and Chemo‐Photothermal Therapy of Cancer , 2017 .

[7]  R. Hoogenboom,et al.  Repetitive on-demand drug release from polymeric matrices containing a macroscopic spherical iron core , 2017, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine.

[8]  Jtf Jos Keurentjes,et al.  Repetitive on-demand drug release by magnetic heating of iron oxide containing polymeric implants , 2012 .

[9]  Po-Jung Chen,et al.  Core‐Shell Nanocapsules Stabilized by Single‐Component Polymer and Nanoparticles for Magneto‐Chemotherapy/Hyperthermia with Multiple Drugs , 2012, Advanced materials.

[10]  Kostas Kostarelos,et al.  Electroresponsive Polymer–Carbon Nanotube Hydrogel Hybrids for Pulsatile Drug Delivery In Vivo , 2013, Advanced healthcare materials.

[11]  Zhixiang Cai,et al.  Hyaluronan-Inorganic Nanohybrid Materials for Biomedical Applications. , 2017, Biomacromolecules.

[12]  J. Riess,et al.  Injectable microbubbles as contrast agents for diagnostic ultrasound imaging: the key role of perfluorochemicals. , 2003, Angewandte Chemie.

[13]  Qiang Yan,et al.  Voltage-responsive vesicles based on orthogonal assembly of two homopolymers. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[14]  Yanzhong Zhang,et al.  Flower-like PEGylated MoS2 nanoflakes for near-infrared photothermal cancer therapy , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[15]  E. Perucca,et al.  Development of new antiepileptic drugs: challenges, incentives, and recent advances , 2007, The Lancet Neurology.

[16]  Jin-Chul Kim,et al.  Temperature and electric field-triggerable liposomes incorporating poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-hexadecyl acrylate-co-carboxyethyl acrylate) , 2018, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry.

[17]  Kai Yang,et al.  Bottom‐Up Preparation of Uniform Ultrathin Rhenium Disulfide Nanosheets for Image‐Guided Photothermal Radiotherapy , 2017 .

[18]  Etienne Duguet,et al.  Design of hybrid nanovehicles for remotely triggered drug release: an overview. , 2015, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[19]  Y. Chen,et al.  Self-assembling PVA-F127 thermosensitive nanocarriers with highly sensitive magnetically-triggered drug release for epilepsy therapy in vivo , 2012 .

[20]  Xiaofan Ji,et al.  A dual-responsive supra-amphiphilic polypseudorotaxane constructed from a water-soluble pillar[7]arene and an azobenzene-containing random copolymer. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[21]  Bo Fan,et al.  Poly(ethyl glyoxylate)-Poly(ethylene oxide) Nanoparticles: Stimuli-Responsive Drug Release via End-to-End Polyglyoxylate Depolymerization. , 2017, Molecular pharmaceutics.

[22]  Weizhong Yuan,et al.  Light- and pH-dually responsive dendrimer-star copolymer containing spiropyran groups: synthesis, self-assembly and controlled drug release , 2018 .

[23]  Yu-Cheng Chang,et al.  A New Photosensitized Oxidation-Responsive Nanoplatform for Controlled Drug Release and Photodynamic Cancer Therapy. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[24]  Jie Yu,et al.  Smart MoS2/Fe3O4 Nanotheranostic for Magnetically Targeted Photothermal Therapy Guided by Magnetic Resonance/Photoacoustic Imaging , 2015, Theranostics.

[25]  A. Mathur,et al.  Nanoparticle systems as tools to improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy. , 2013, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[26]  Jiangtao Xu,et al.  Light-Regulated Polymerization under Near-Infrared/Far-Red Irradiation Catalyzed by Bacteriochlorophyll a. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[27]  Toshinobu Yogo,et al.  Magnetically Responsive Smart Nanoparticles for Cancer Treatment with a Combination of Magnetic Hyperthermia and Remote-Control Drug Release , 2014, Theranostics.

[28]  María Vallet-Regí,et al.  Polymer-Grafted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Ultrasound-Responsive Drug Carriers. , 2015, ACS nano.

[29]  Jelena Kolosnjaj‐Tabi,et al.  Electric field‐responsive nanoparticles and electric fields: physical, chemical, biological mechanisms and therapeutic prospects , 2019, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[30]  Peng Chen,et al.  Ternary Chalcogenide Nanosheets with Ultrahigh Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Photoacoustic Theranostics. , 2017, Small.

[31]  Byeong‐Su Kim,et al.  Light-responsive micelles of spiropyran initiated hyperbranched polyglycerol for smart drug delivery. , 2014, Biomacromolecules.

[32]  Z. Dang,et al.  Photo, pH and redox multi-responsive nanogels for drug delivery and fluorescence cell imaging , 2017 .

[33]  Z. Dai,et al.  Bioluminescence Imaging of Inflammation in Vivo Based on Bioluminescence and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Using Nanobubble Ultrasound Contrast Agent. , 2019, ACS nano.

[34]  V. Bulmus,et al.  The design and utility of polymer-stabilized iron-oxide nanoparticles for nanomedicine applications , 2010 .

[35]  Probal Banerjee,et al.  Responsive polymer-fluorescent carbon nanoparticle hybrid nanogels for optical temperature sensing, near-infrared light-responsive drug release, and tumor cell imaging. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[36]  Ayomi S. Perera,et al.  Polymer-Magnetic Composite Fibers for Remote-Controlled Drug Release. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[37]  Peter X. Ma,et al.  Multifunctional Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels with Self-Healing, High Conductivity, and Rapid Recovery through Host–Guest Interactions , 2018 .

[38]  Liang Ge,et al.  Highly magneto-responsive multilayer microcapsules for controlled release of insulin. , 2014, International journal of pharmaceutics.

[39]  T. Wong,et al.  Use of microwave in processing of drug delivery systems. , 2008, Current drug delivery.

[40]  W. Wang,et al.  PEGylated Cu3BiS3 hollow nanospheres as a new photothermal agent for 980 nm-laser-driven photothermochemotherapy and a contrast agent for X-ray computed tomography imaging. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[41]  Jimin Gao,et al.  Near-infrared light remote-controlled intracellular anti-cancer drug delivery using thermo/pH sensitive nanovehicle. , 2015, Acta biomaterialia.

[42]  Siling Wang,et al.  pH‐ and NIR Light‐Responsive Micelles with Hyperthermia‐Triggered Tumor Penetration and Cytoplasm Drug Release to Reverse Doxorubicin Resistance in Breast Cancer , 2015 .

[43]  Feng Yan,et al.  Conjugated Polymer for Voltage‐Controlled Release of Molecules , 2017, Advanced materials.

[44]  Feng Chen,et al.  Synthesis and biomedical applications of copper sulfide nanoparticles: from sensors to theranostics. , 2014, Small.

[45]  Yanzhong Zhang,et al.  One-Pot Synthesis of MoS2 Nanoflakes with Desirable Degradability for Photothermal Cancer Therapy. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[46]  Hongbo Wang,et al.  An Injectable Supramolecular Polymer Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Prevention of Breast Cancer Recurrence with Theranostic and Mammoplastic Functions , 2018 .

[47]  Zongquan Wu,et al.  Facile fabrication of positively-charged helical poly(phenyl isocyanide) modified multi-stimuli-responsive nanoassembly capable of high efficiency cell-penetrating, ratiometric fluorescence imaging, and rapid intracellular drug release , 2018 .

[48]  H. Qiu,et al.  A novel microwave stimulus remote controlled anticancer drug release system based on Fe3O4@ZnO@mGd2O3:Eu@P(NIPAm-co-MAA) multifunctional nanocarriers. , 2015, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[49]  Fengfeng Xue,et al.  A smart drug: a pH-responsive photothermal ablation agent for Golgi apparatus activated cancer therapy. , 2017, Chemical communications.

[50]  Bumjoon J. Kim,et al.  Fluorescent Block Copolymer‐MoS2 Nanocomposites for Real‐Time Photothermal Heating and Imaging , 2017 .

[51]  O. Farokhzad,et al.  Degradable Controlled-Release Polymers and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Controlling Drug Release. , 2016, Chemical reviews.

[52]  V. A. Huu,et al.  Light-responsive nanoparticle depot to control release of a small molecule angiogenesis inhibitor in the posterior segment of the eye. , 2015, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[53]  Adah Almutairi,et al.  UV and near-IR triggered release from polymeric nanoparticles. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[54]  Qing Wan,et al.  Recent progress and development on polymeric nanomaterials for photothermal therapy: a brief overview. , 2017, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[55]  S. Agarwal,et al.  Let There be Light: Polymeric Micelles with Upper Critical Solution Temperature as Light-Triggered Heat Nanogenerators for Combating Drug-Resistant Cancer. , 2018, Small.

[56]  D. Kohane,et al.  Phototriggered Drug Delivery Using Inorganic Nanomaterials. , 2017, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[57]  Jin Ho Son,et al.  Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers incorporated with phase-changeable fatty acid and indocyanine green for NIR light-triggered, localized anti-cancer drug release , 2018 .

[58]  Jing Liu,et al.  Stimuli-responsive magnetic nanomicelles as multifunctional heat and cargo delivery vehicles. , 2013, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[59]  Qingwei Li,et al.  Diazonaphthoquinone-based amphiphilic polymer assemblies for NIR/UV light- and pH-responsive controlled release , 2018 .

[60]  Cyrille Boyer,et al.  Functional iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles with hyperthermia-induced drug release ability by using a combination of orthogonal click reactions. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[61]  Wei Zhao,et al.  A Target-Directed Chemo-Photothermal System Based on Transferrin and Copolymer-Modified MoS2 Nanoplates with pH-Activated Drug Release. , 2017, Chemistry.

[62]  Guoying Zhang,et al.  Concurrent block copolymer polymersome stabilization and bilayer permeabilization by stimuli-regulated "traceless" crosslinking. , 2014, Angewandte Chemie.

[63]  Xue Li,et al.  Stimuli-responsive polymers and their applications , 2017 .

[64]  R. Banerjee,et al.  In vitro application of paclitaxel loaded magnetoliposomes for combined chemotherapy and hyperthermia. , 2012, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[65]  Kai Yang,et al.  Core–Shell MnSe@Bi2Se3 Fabricated via a Cation Exchange Method as Novel Nanotheranostics for Multimodal Imaging and Synergistic Thermoradiotherapy , 2015, Advanced materials.

[66]  Won Jong Kim,et al.  Visible light-induced singlet oxygen-mediated intracellular disassembly of polymeric micelles co-loaded with a photosensitizer and an anticancer drug for enhanced photodynamic therapy. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[67]  Jianhua Zhou,et al.  Generation of uniform polymer eccentric and core-centered hollow microcapsules for ultrasound-regulated drug release. , 2014, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[68]  Shengliang Li,et al.  Photothermal‐Responsive Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Remote Control of Gene Expression in Living Cells , 2018, Advanced materials.

[69]  Younan Xia,et al.  Pulsatile drug release from PLGA hollow microspheres by controlling the permeability of their walls with a magnetic field. , 2012, Small.

[70]  Z. Ahmad,et al.  Magnetic-responsive microparticles with customized porosity for drug delivery , 2016 .

[71]  B. Trewyn,et al.  Polymer‐based stimuli‐responsive nanosystems for biomedical applications , 2013, Biotechnology journal.

[72]  Patrick Couvreur,et al.  Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery. , 2013, Nature materials.

[73]  Jie Ren,et al.  Enhanced synergism of thermo-chemotherapy by combining highly efficient magnetic hyperthermia with magnetothermally-facilitated drug release. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[74]  Van Du Nguyen,et al.  Preparation of HIFU-triggered tumor-targeted hyaluronic acid micelles for controlled drug release and enhanced cellular uptake. , 2016, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[75]  Yanli Zhao,et al.  Fast-Clearable Nanocarriers Conducting Chemo/Photothermal Combination Therapy to Inhibit Recurrence of Malignant Tumors. , 2017, Small.

[76]  Hamidreza Arandiyan,et al.  Polymerization of a Photocleavable Monomer Using Visible Light. , 2016, Macromolecular rapid communications.

[77]  Manish K Jaiswal,et al.  Thermoresponsive Magnetic Hydrogels as Theranostic Nanoconstructs , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[78]  K. Landfester,et al.  Tailor-made nanocontainers for combined magnetic-field-induced release and MRI. , 2014, Macromolecular bioscience.

[79]  F. Du,et al.  Modular synthesis of photodegradable polymers with different sensitive wavelengths as UV/NIR responsive nanocarriers , 2018, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry.

[80]  Ashley F. Stein,et al.  Quantitative intravascular biological fluorescence-ultrasound imaging of coronary and peripheral arteries in vivo , 2017, European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging.

[81]  F. Molinari,et al.  Sonosensitive theranostic liposomes for preclinical in vivo MRI-guided visualization of doxorubicin release stimulated by pulsed low intensity non-focused ultrasound. , 2015, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[82]  Hui-zhen Jia,et al.  NIR‐Activated Polydopamine‐Coated Carrier‐Free “Nanobomb” for In Situ On‐Demand Drug Release , 2018, Advanced science.

[83]  Thomas H. Epps,et al.  Anionic Polymer and Quantum Dot Excipients to Facilitate siRNA Release and Self-Reporting of Disassembly in Stimuli-Responsive Nanocarrier Formulations. , 2017, Biomacromolecules.

[84]  Shuo Chen,et al.  NIR Light-, Temperature-, pH-, and Redox-Responsive Polymer-Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide/Mesoporous Silica Sandwich-Like Nanocomposites for Controlled Release. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[85]  Xiue Jiang,et al.  BSA-exfoliated WSe2 nanosheets as a photoregulated carrier for synergistic photodynamic/photothermal therapy. , 2017, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[86]  P. Ma,et al.  Injectable antibacterial conductive hydrogels with dual response to an electric field and pH for localized "smart" drug release. , 2018, Acta biomaterialia.

[87]  Olivier Sandre,et al.  Drug releasing nanoplatforms activated by alternating magnetic fields. , 2017, Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects.

[88]  B. Massoumi,et al.  A starch-based stimuli-responsive magnetite nanohydrogel as de novo drug delivery system. , 2018, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[89]  Shanshan Huang,et al.  Near-infrared light-triggered micelles for fast controlled drug release in deep tissue. , 2013, Biomaterials.

[90]  C. Ménager,et al.  Doxorubicin Intracellular Remote Release from Biocompatible Oligo(ethylene glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylate-Based Magnetic Nanogels Triggered by Magnetic Hyperthermia. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[91]  Liang Yan,et al.  The polyvinylpyrrolidone functionalized rGO/Bi2S3 nanocomposite as a near-infrared light-responsive nanovehicle for chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[92]  Z. Dang,et al.  Photo, pH, and thermo triple-responsive spiropyran-based copolymer nanoparticles for controlled release. , 2015, Chemical communications.

[93]  Yan Du,et al.  Microwave-responsive polymeric core-shell microcarriers for high-efficiency controlled drug release. , 2017, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[94]  Jinhwan Kim,et al.  Photothermally Controllable Cytosolic Drug Delivery Based on Core-Shell MoS2-Porous Silica Nanoplates , 2016 .

[95]  Probal Banerjee,et al.  Magnetic/NIR-thermally responsive hybrid nanogels for optical temperature sensing, tumor cell imaging and triggered drug release. , 2014, Nanoscale.

[96]  Xinyu Hu,et al.  Magnetic field-driven drug release from modified iron oxide-integrated polysaccharide hydrogel. , 2018, International journal of biological macromolecules.

[97]  Fengyu Quan,et al.  Biodegradable Polymeric Architectures via Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerizations , 2018, Polymers.

[98]  V. Truong,et al.  Photolabile Hydrogels Responsive to Broad Spectrum Visible Light for Selective Cell Release. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[99]  Shengyu Feng,et al.  Thermoresponsive copolymer/SiO2 nanoparticles with dual functions of thermally controlled drug release and simultaneous carrier decomposition. , 2014, Chemistry.

[100]  Yuliang Zhao,et al.  Multifunctional WS2@Poly(ethylene imine) Nanoplatforms for Imaging Guided Gene‐Photothermal Synergistic Therapy of Cancer , 2016, Advanced healthcare materials.

[101]  Yu Chen,et al.  Organic-Inorganic hybrid hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles for efficient ultrasound-based imaging and controlled drug release , 2014 .

[102]  N M Elman,et al.  Electro-thermally induced structural failure actuator (ETISFA) for implantable controlled drug delivery devices based on micro-electro-mechanical-systems. , 2010, Lab on a chip.

[103]  R. Hoogenboom,et al.  Externally triggered glass transition switch for localized on-demand drug delivery. , 2009, Angewandte Chemie.

[104]  S. Maenosono,et al.  Doxorubicin loaded dual pH- and thermo-responsive magnetic nanocarrier for combined magnetic hyperthermia and targeted controlled drug delivery applications. , 2016, Nanoscale.

[105]  Lingyun Zhou,et al.  Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles with Appended Photo-Responsive Units for Controlled Drug Delivery, Release, and Imaging. , 2018, Angewandte Chemie.

[106]  Jun Ge,et al.  Drug release from electric-field-responsive nanoparticles. , 2012, ACS nano.

[107]  Stanislav Emelianov,et al.  Biomedical photoacoustics beyond thermal expansion using triggered nanodroplet vaporization for contrast-enhanced imaging , 2012, Nature Communications.

[108]  Brian P. Timko,et al.  Remotely Triggerable Drug Delivery Systems , 2010, Advanced materials.

[109]  K. Ninomiya,et al.  Targeted and ultrasound-triggered drug delivery using liposomes co-modified with cancer cell-targeting aptamers and a thermosensitive polymer. , 2014, Ultrasonics sonochemistry.

[110]  Zhuang Liu,et al.  Degradable Molybdenum Oxide Nanosheets with Rapid Clearance and Efficient Tumor Homing Capabilities as a Therapeutic Nanoplatform. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[111]  Zhiyu Cheng,et al.  Voltage-responsive reversible self-assembly and controlled drug release of ferrocene-containing polymeric superamphiphiles. , 2015, Soft matter.

[112]  Lianhui Wang,et al.  Recent Advances in Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Nanosheets. , 2017, Small.

[113]  J. Zink,et al.  Tailored Synthesis of Octopus-type Janus Nanoparticles for Synergistic Actively-Targeted and Chemo-Photothermal Therapy. , 2016, Angewandte Chemie.

[114]  R. Eckersley,et al.  Ultrabubble: A Laminated Ultrasound Contrast Agent with Narrow Size Range , 2009 .

[115]  San-Yuan Chen,et al.  Characterization and drug release behavior of highly responsive chip-like electrically modulated reduced graphene oxide–poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes , 2012 .

[116]  Patricia Limousin,et al.  Graphene‐Based Electroresponsive Scaffolds as Polymeric Implants for On‐Demand Drug Delivery , 2014, Advanced healthcare materials.

[117]  Ronghua Wang,et al.  NIR‐Laser‐Switched In Vivo Smart Nanocapsules for Synergic Photothermal and Chemotherapy of Tumors , 2016, Advanced materials.

[118]  P. Bummer,et al.  Binary Blend of Glyceryl Monooleate and Glyceryl Monostearate for Magnetically Induced Thermo-Responsive Local Drug Delivery System , 2013, Pharmaceutical Research.

[119]  Aitang Zhang,et al.  An efficient and self-guided chemo-photothermal drug loading system based on copolymer and transferrin decorated MoS2 nanodots for dually controlled drug release , 2018 .

[120]  Guoying Zhang,et al.  Self-immolative polymersomes for high-efficiency triggered release and programmed enzymatic reactions. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[121]  Raag D. Airan,et al.  Noninvasive Targeted Transcranial Neuromodulation via Focused Ultrasound Gated Drug Release from Nanoemulsions , 2017, Nano letters.

[122]  Xiaojuan Pang,et al.  Photosensitizer loaded PEG-MoS2-Au hybrids for CT/NIRF imaging-guided stepwise photothermal and photodynamic therapy. , 2017, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[123]  Q. Luo,et al.  Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Giant Supramolecular Vesicles: Highly Stable, Versatile Carriers for Photoresponsive and Targeted Drug Delivery. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[124]  Robert Langer,et al.  Electrical stimulation via a biocompatible conductive polymer directs retinal progenitor cell differentiation , 2013, 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC).

[125]  E. Stride,et al.  Nanoparticle‐Loaded Protein–Polymer Nanodroplets for Improved Stability and Conversion Efficiency in Ultrasound Imaging and Drug Delivery , 2015, Advanced materials.

[126]  Zhijun Zhang,et al.  Cancer-Targeted Nanotheranostics: Recent Advances and Perspectives. , 2016, Small.

[127]  Jie Yu,et al.  High-throughput synthesis of single-layer MoS2 nanosheets as a near-infrared photothermal-triggered drug delivery for effective cancer therapy. , 2014, ACS nano.

[128]  Z. Dai,et al.  Microwave-Triggered Smart Drug Release from Liposomes Co-encapsulating Doxorubicin and Salt for Local Combined Hyperthermia and Chemotherapy of Cancer. , 2016, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[129]  Jianzhong Du,et al.  Ultrasound and pH Dually Responsive Polymer Vesicles for Anticancer Drug Delivery , 2013, Scientific Reports.

[130]  Peisheng Xu,et al.  pH and redox dual responsive nanoparticle for nuclear targeted drug delivery. , 2012, Molecular pharmaceutics.

[131]  M. Taib,et al.  Microwave modified non-crosslinked pectin films with modulated drug release , 2012, Pharmaceutical development and technology.

[132]  Gun-Do Kim,et al.  Near-infrared light-responsive, diselenide containing core-cross-linked micelles prepared by the Diels–Alder click reaction for photocontrollable drug release application , 2018 .

[133]  Sébastien Lecommandoux,et al.  Magnetic field triggered drug release from polymersomes for cancer therapeutics. , 2013, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[134]  J. Gohy,et al.  Photo-responsive polymers: synthesis and applications , 2017 .

[135]  Yuliang Zhao,et al.  Functionalized Nano-MoS2 with Peroxidase Catalytic and Near-Infrared Photothermal Activities for Safe and Synergetic Wound Antibacterial Applications. , 2016, ACS nano.

[136]  X. Mo,et al.  Dual-Responsive Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Mediated Codelivery of Doxorubicin and Bcl-2 SiRNA for Targeted Treatment of Breast Cancer , 2016 .

[137]  A. Calarco,et al.  Essential oils as solvents and core materials for the preparation of photo-responsive polymer nanocapsules , 2018, Nano Research.

[138]  Maurizio Prato,et al.  Nanocomposite Hydrogels: 3D Polymer-Nanoparticle Synergies for On-Demand Drug Delivery. , 2015, ACS nano.

[139]  Jie Tian,et al.  Reversibly Switching Bilayer Permeability and Release Modules of Photochromic Polymersomes Stabilized by Cooperative Noncovalent Interactions. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[140]  Guhuan Liu,et al.  Photo- and Reduction-Responsive Polymersomes for Programmed Release of Small and Macromolecular Payloads. , 2018, Biomacromolecules.

[141]  Adah Almutairi,et al.  In vivo visible light-triggered drug release from an implanted depot , 2014, Chemical science.

[142]  F. Meng,et al.  NIR and UV-responsive degradable hyaluronic acid nanogels for CD44-targeted and remotely triggered intracellular doxorubicin delivery. , 2017, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces.

[143]  Robert Langer,et al.  Multi-pulse drug delivery from a resorbable polymeric microchip device , 2003, Nature materials.

[144]  Yong-Min Huh,et al.  Nanomaterials for theranostics: recent advances and future challenges. , 2015, Chemical reviews.

[145]  J. French,et al.  Antiepileptic drugs in development , 2006, The Lancet Neurology.

[146]  Qiang He,et al.  Biointerfacing polymeric microcapsules for in vivo near-infrared light-triggered drug release. , 2015, Nanoscale.

[147]  C. Pan,et al.  Photo-responsive camptothecin-based polymeric prodrug coated silver nanoparticles for drug release behaviour tracking via the nanomaterial surface energy transfer (NSET) effect. , 2018, Journal of materials chemistry. B.

[148]  Paul M. George,et al.  Electrically Controlled Drug Delivery from Biotin‐Doped Conductive Polypyrrole , 2006 .

[149]  Qian Liu,et al.  Ultraviolet light-mediated drug delivery: Principles, applications, and challenges. , 2015, Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society.

[150]  R. Whan,et al.  Spatial and temporal control of drug release through pH and alternating magnetic field induced breakage of Schiff base bonds , 2014 .

[151]  Ran Mo,et al.  Recent progress in nanomedicine-based combination cancer therapy using a site-specific co-delivery strategy. , 2017, Biomaterials science.

[152]  A. Exner,et al.  Porphyrin-Loaded Pluronic Nanobubbles: A New US-Activated Agent for Future Theranostic Applications. , 2018, Bioconjugate chemistry.

[153]  Yang Sun,et al.  Manganese oxide-based multifunctionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles for pH-responsive MRI, ultrasonography and circumvention of MDR in cancer cells. , 2012, Biomaterials.

[154]  Roland Martin,et al.  New drugs may improve, complicate treatment for multiple sclerosis , 2010, Nature Medicine.

[155]  Quanhong Liu,et al.  Ultrasound-Responsive Polymeric Micelles for Sonoporation-Assisted Site-Specific Therapeutic Action. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[156]  C. Park,et al.  pH/NIR-Responsive Polypyrrole-Functionalized Fibrous Localized Drug-Delivery Platform for Synergistic Cancer Therapy. , 2018, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[157]  Wei Zhao,et al.  Recent Advances in Functional Polymer Decorated Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Nanomaterials for Chemo-Photothermal Therapy. , 2018, Chemistry.

[158]  R. Zare,et al.  Electrically controlled release of insulin using polypyrrole nanoparticles. , 2017, Nanoscale.

[159]  G. Goglio,et al.  Thermoresponsive polymer brush-functionalized magnetic manganite nanoparticles for remotely triggered drug release , 2012 .