Relating Seed Treatments to Nursery Performance: Experience with

Producing good quality seeds that perform well in the nursery continues to be challenging. High quality conifer seeds are obtained by optimizing collecting, processing, storing, and treating methodologies, and such quality is needed to consistently produce uniform nursery crops. Although new technologies are becoming available to evaluate seed quality, they have not been developed to the extent that they replace the more traditional methodologies developed over decades of trial and error. The most reliable approaches to predict nursery performance rely on obtaining high seed quality, applying appropriate treatments, and conducting germination evaluations that follow established practices.

[1]  P. C. Williams,et al.  Determination of protein and moisture in wheat and barley by near-infrared transmission , 1985 .

[2]  J. P. Barnett,et al.  Storing Southern Pine seeds. , 1970 .

[3]  M. M. Larson.  Initial Root Development of Ponderosa Pine Seedlings as Related to Germination Date and Size of Seed , 1963 .

[4]  J. P. Barnett,et al.  Longleaf Pine Seed Presowing Treatements: Effects on Germination and Nursery Establishment , 1999 .

[5]  M. Simak.  A method for removal of filled-dead seeds from a sample of Pinus contorta , 1984 .

[6]  K. Norris.  History, present status, and future prospects for NIRS , 1988 .

[7]  J. Xia,et al.  Increasing the temperature of the water soak preceding moist-chilling promotes dormancy-termination of seeds of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.) , 2003 .

[8]  T. Lestander.  Multivariate NIR Studies of Seed-Water Interaction in Scots Pine Seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.) , 2003 .

[9]  D. Jacobs,et al.  Effect of seed position and media on germination of black walnut and northern red oak: implications for nursery production and direct seeding , 2004 .

[10]  C. S. Shopmeyer.  Seeds of woody plants in the United States , 1974 .

[11]  James L. Jenkinson,et al.  Pinus L. Pine , 1974 .

[12]  B. Downie,et al.  Upgrading germinability and vigour of jack pine, lodgepole pine, and white spruce by the IDS technique , 1992 .

[13]  Yilun Ma,et al.  Effect of solid matrix priming during moist chilling on dormancy breakage and germination of seeds of four fir species , 2004, New Forests.

[14]  G. S. Allen,et al.  STUDIES ON CONIFEROUS TREE SEED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA , 1954 .

[15]  J. P. Barnett,et al.  Germination Speed as a Predictor of Nursery Seedling Performance , 1984 .

[16]  J. P. Barnett,et al.  Handling Longleaf Pine Seeds for Optimal Nursery Performance , 1993 .

[17]  Klaus Winter,et al.  The ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence from photosystem II, measured in leaves at ambient temperature and at 77K, as an indicator of the photon yield of photosynthesis , 2004, Planta.

[18]  R. Ghosh,et al.  Effect of Seed Grading by Size on Germination and Growth of Pine Seedlings , 1976 .

[19]  F. J. Czabator.  Germination Value: An Index Combining Speed and Completeness of Pine Seed Germination , 1962 .

[20]  C. Young,et al.  Germinant Sowing in South Africa , 1995 .

[21]  J. P. Barnett,et al.  Influence of seed size on germination and early development of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) germinants , 1983 .

[22]  G. Downey.  Estimation of moisture in undried wheat and barley by near infrared reflectance , 1985 .

[23]  R. K. Dumroese,et al.  National proceedings : forest and conservation nursery associations / , 1995 .

[24]  J. Daun,et al.  Chlorophyll degradation in summer oilseed rape and summer turnip rape during seed ripening , 1995 .

[25]  U. Bergsten,et al.  The Use of the IDS-Treatment on Southern Pine Seeds and its Effect on Seed Cost and Efficiency in the Seed Bed , 2001 .

[26]  R. V. D. Schoor,et al.  Chlorophyll fluorescence of Brassica oleracea seeds as a non-destructive marker for seed maturity and seed performance , 1998, Seed Science Research.

[27]  Walter G Chapman,et al.  Speed of Germination Affects Diameter at Lifting of Nursery-Grown Loblolly Pine Seedlings , 1985 .

[28]  Imogene F. Campbell.  Woody-Plant Seed Manual , 1950 .

[29]  D. Gray,et al.  Relationships between indices of seed maturity and carrot seed quality , 1989 .

[30]  浅川 澄彦.  Factors affecting the viability and germination behavior of coniferous seed. IV. : Stratification period and incubation temperature, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. , 1960 .

[31]  J. Bewley,et al.  Osmotic priming of seeds of crop species with polyethylene glycol as a means of enhancing early and synchronous germination at cool temperatures , 1981 .

[32]  Y. Tanaka,et al.  Assuring Seed Quality for Seedling Production: Cone Collection and Seed Processing, Testing, Storage, and Stratification , 1984 .

[33]  J. P. Barnett.  Cone and Seed Maturation of Southern Pines , 1976 .

[34]  Luguang Wu,et al.  Effects of moist chilling and solid matrix priming on germination of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seeds , 2004, New Forests.

[35]  L. V. Barton.  Seed Preservation and Longevity , 1961 .

[36]  M. Duryea,et al.  Forestry Nursery Manual: Production of Bareroot Seedlings , 1983, Forestry Sciences.