Design and Implementation of a Robust Acoustic Recognition System for Waterbird Species using TMS320C6713 DSK

In this paper, a new real-time approach for audio recognition of waterbird species in noisy environments, based on a Texas Instruments DSP, i.e. TMS320C6713 is proposed. For noise estimation in noisy water bird's sound, a tonal region detector TRD using a sigmoid function is introduced. This method offers flexibility since the slope and the mean of the sigmoid function can be adapted autonomously for a better trade-off between noise overvaluation and undervaluation. Then, the features Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients post processed by Spectral Subtraction MFCC-SS were extracted for classification using Support Vector Machine classifier. A development of the Simulink analysis models of classic MFCC and MFCC-SS is described. The audio recognition system is implemented in real time by loading the created models in DSP board, after being converted to target C code using Code Composer Studio. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TRD-MFCC-SS feature is highly effective and performs satisfactorily compared to conventional MFCC feature, especially in complex environment.

[1]  Celso A. A. Kaestner,et al.  Automatic Segmentation of Audio Signals for Bird Species Identification , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia.

[2]  Todor Ganchev,et al.  Bird acoustic activity detection based on morphological filtering of the spectrogram , 2015 .

[3]  Lukas Machlica,et al.  Automatic recognition of bird individuals on an open set using as-is recordings , 2016 .

[4]  N. Fletcher A class of chaotic bird calls? , 2000, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[5]  Geoffrey A. Williamson,et al.  Methods for classification of nocturnal migratory bird vocalizations using Pseudo Wigner-Ville Transform , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing.

[6]  Ying Li,et al.  Adaptive energy detection for bird sound detection in complex environments , 2015, Neurocomputing.

[7]  Peter Jancovic,et al.  Automatic Detection and Recognition of Tonal Bird Sounds in Noisy Environments , 2011, EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process..

[8]  Xiaoli Z. Fern,et al.  Time-frequency segmentation of bird song in noisy acoustic environments , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP).

[9]  Chin-Chuan Han,et al.  Automatic Classification of Bird Species From Their Sounds Using Two-Dimensional Cepstral Coefficients , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.

[10]  Todor Ganchev,et al.  Audio parameterization with robust frame selection for improved bird identification , 2015, Expert Syst. Appl..

[11]  Chenn-Jung Huang,et al.  Frog classification using machine learning techniques , 2009, Expert Syst. Appl..

[12]  B. Venkataramani,et al.  Study and evaluation of a multi-class SVM classifier using diminishing learning technique , 2010, Neurocomputing.

[13]  Wei Chu,et al.  Noise robust bird song detection using syllable pattern-based hidden Markov models , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP).

[14]  Ying Li,et al.  Environmental Sound Recognition Using Double-Level Energy Detection , 2013 .

[15]  Xiaoli Z. Fern,et al.  Acoustic classification of multiple simultaneous bird species: a multi-instance multi-label approach. , 2012, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[16]  S. Bhattacharya,et al.  Performance evaluation of a ACF-AMDF based pitch detection scheme in real-time , 2015, Int. J. Speech Technol..

[17]  Alessandro Lameiras Koerich,et al.  Feature set comparison for automatic bird species identification , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics.

[18]  Diurnal activity budget and breeding ecology of the White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala at Lake Tonga (North-east Algeria) , 2013 .

[19]  Aki Härmä Automatic identification of bird species based on sinusoidal modeling of syllables , 2003, ICASSP.

[20]  E. López-Robles,et al.  Voltage regulation of a matrix converter with balanced and unbalanced three-phase loads , 2015 .

[21]  Israel Cohen,et al.  Noise spectrum estimation in adverse environments: improved minima controlled recursive averaging , 2003, IEEE Trans. Speech Audio Process..

[22]  M. Houhamdi,et al.  Diurnal behaviour of Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca wintering at the El-Kala wetlands (Northeast Algeria) , 2011 .

[23]  Sven Nordholm,et al.  Noise Estimation Based on Soft Decisions and Conditional Smoothing for Speech Enhancement , 2012, IWAENC.

[24]  Frank Kurth,et al.  Detecting bird sounds in a complex acoustic environment and application to bioacoustic monitoring , 2010, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[25]  Jesper Jensen,et al.  MMSE based noise PSD tracking with low complexity , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing.

[26]  Richard C. Hendriks,et al.  Unbiased MMSE-Based Noise Power Estimation With Low Complexity and Low Tracking Delay , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.

[27]  Héctor Corrada Bravo,et al.  Automated classification of bird and amphibian calls using machine learning: A comparison of methods , 2009, Ecol. Informatics.

[28]  Björn W. Schuller,et al.  Audio recognition in the wild: Static and dynamic classification on a real-world database of animal vocalizations , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP).

[29]  Abhijit Karmakar,et al.  Speech Enhancement using Spectral Subtraction-type Algorithms: A Comparison and Simulation Study , 2015 .

[30]  I. Potamitis Automatic Classification of a Taxon-Rich Community Recorded in the Wild , 2014, PloS one.

[31]  Rongshan Yu A low-complexity noise estimation algorithm based on smoothing of noise power estimation and estimation bias correction , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing.

[32]  Ilyas Potamitis,et al.  Unsupervised dictionary extraction of bird vocalisations and new tools on assessing and visualising bird activity , 2015, Ecol. Informatics.

[33]  Dan Stowell,et al.  Automatic large-scale classification of bird sounds is strongly improved by unsupervised feature learning , 2014, PeerJ.

[34]  Rolf Bardeli,et al.  Similarity Search in Animal Sound Databases , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.

[35]  Honglei Bai,et al.  Response of turbulent fluctuations to the periodic perturbations in a flow over a backward facing step , 2015 .

[36]  S. Boll,et al.  Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction , 1979 .

[37]  Panu Somervuo,et al.  Parametric Representations of Bird Sounds for Automatic Species Recognition , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing.