Expression Profile of Long Noncoding RNAs in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in regulating immunological functions. Their impact on the chronic inflammatory disease multiple sclerosis (MS), however, remains unknown. We investigated the expression of lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with MS and attempt to explain their possible role in the process of MS.

[1]  J. Kroll,et al.  HOXC9: a key regulator of endothelial cell quiescence and vascular morphogenesis. , 2012, Trends in cardiovascular medicine.

[2]  Yuan Zhang,et al.  Long noncoding RNAs in innate immunity , 2015, Cellular and Molecular Immunology.

[3]  C. Bever,et al.  SIRT1 is decreased during relapses in patients with multiple sclerosis. , 2014, Experimental and molecular pathology.

[4]  Q. Jiang,et al.  Pathogenic role of lncRNA-MALAT1 in endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus , 2014, Cell Death and Disease.

[5]  M. Lindsay,et al.  LincRNA signatures in human lymphocytes , 2015, Nature Immunology.

[6]  Michael Morse,et al.  Multiple knockout mouse models reveal lincRNAs are required for life and brain development , 2013, eLife.

[7]  D. Barlow,et al.  Macro lncRNAs , 2012, RNA biology.

[8]  R. Aitken,et al.  Significance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in the generation of oxidative stress in spermatozoa. , 2008, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[9]  E. Heard,et al.  Noncoding RNAs and epigenetic mechanisms during X-chromosome inactivation. , 2014, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.

[10]  Per Capita,et al.  About the authors , 1995, Machine Vision and Applications.

[11]  Xiaodong Song,et al.  Analysing the relationship between lncRNA and protein-coding gene and the role of lncRNA as ceRNA in pulmonary fibrosis , 2014, Journal of cellular and molecular medicine.

[12]  Frank Grützner,et al.  The evolution of lncRNA repertoires and expression patterns in tetrapods , 2014, Nature.

[13]  Daniel R. Caffrey,et al.  A Long Noncoding RNA Mediates Both Activation and Repression of Immune Response Genes , 2013, Science.

[14]  Wilfried Haerty,et al.  Considerations when investigating lncRNA function in vivo , 2014, eLife.

[15]  Zhonghan Li,et al.  The long noncoding RNA THRIL regulates TNFα expression through its interaction with hnRNPL , 2013, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[16]  George A Calin,et al.  A novel non‐coding RNA lncRNA‐JADE connects DNA damage signalling to histone H4 acetylation , 2013, The EMBO journal.

[17]  D. Ye,et al.  Emerging role of long noncoding RNAs in autoimmune diseases. , 2015, Autoimmunity reviews.

[18]  A. Ascherio,et al.  Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part I: The role of infection , 2007, Annals of neurology.

[19]  B. McCarthy,et al.  HOXC9 links cell-cycle exit and neuronal differentiation and is a prognostic marker in neuroblastoma. , 2011, Cancer research.

[20]  B. Hemmer,et al.  Role of the innate and adaptive immune responses in the course of multiple sclerosis , 2015, The Lancet Neurology.

[21]  James A. Heward,et al.  Long non-coding RNAs in the regulation of the immune response , 2014, Trends in Immunology.

[22]  Ruifeng Lu,et al.  Microarray Profiling and Co-Expression Network Analysis of LncRNAs and mRNAs in Neonatal Rats Following Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[23]  Roland Martin,et al.  Multiple sclerosis: a complicated picture of autoimmunity , 2007, Nature Immunology.

[24]  Piero Carninci,et al.  Expression analysis of the long non-coding RNA antisense to Uchl1 (AS Uchl1) during dopaminergic cells' differentiation in vitro and in neurochemical models of Parkinson's disease , 2015, Front. Cell. Neurosci..

[25]  Jorge R Oksenberg,et al.  Multiple sclerosis genetics , 2018, Multiple sclerosis.

[26]  D. Sgroi,et al.  Negative feedback control of HIF-1 through REDD1-regulated ROS suppresses tumorigenesis , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[27]  B. Trapp,et al.  Pathological mechanisms in progressive multiple sclerosis , 2015, The Lancet Neurology.

[28]  T. Derrien,et al.  Long Noncoding RNAs with Enhancer-like Function in Human Cells , 2010, Cell.

[29]  C. Franceschi,et al.  TET2 gene expression and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine level in multiple sclerosis peripheral blood cells. , 2014, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[30]  T. Aune,et al.  Expression and functions of long noncoding RNAs during human T helper cell differentiation , 2015, Nature Communications.

[31]  Z. Shi,et al.  Hypoxia-regulated lncRNAs in cancer. , 2016, Gene.

[32]  Xuetao Cao,et al.  The STAT3-Binding Long Noncoding RNA lnc-DC Controls Human Dendritic Cell Differentiation , 2014, Science.

[33]  Q. Shi,et al.  Circulating MicroRNA and Long Noncoding RNA as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases , 2016, Journal of cellular physiology.

[34]  A. Ascherio,et al.  Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors , 2007, Annals of neurology.

[35]  Howard Y. Chang,et al.  Long noncoding RNAs and human disease. , 2011, Trends in cell biology.

[36]  Xia Li,et al.  Co-LncRNA: investigating the lncRNA combinatorial effects in GO annotations and KEGG pathways based on human RNA-Seq data , 2015, Database J. Biol. Databases Curation.

[37]  J. Parratt,et al.  Multiple sclerosis: Distribution of inflammatory cells in newly forming lesions , 2009, Annals of neurology.