论文信息 - The Effects of Visual Imagery on Spelling Performance and Retention Among Elementary Students

The Effects of Visual Imagery on Spelling Performance and Retention Among Elementary Students

AbstractVisual imagery as a factor relating to spelling performance and retention was compared with auditory and kinesthetic factors among upper elementary students. When pretreatment achievement differences were controlled, significant effects of treatment on both spelling performance and retention were obtained.A posteriori pairwise comparison of adjusted means revealed that visual imagery was superior to auditory for both spelling performance and retention. The results support the hypothesis that visual imagery is an important factor in spelling performance and retention, particularly when coupled with appropriate imagery suggestions that serve as visual memory locations for the visual code.

Dale M. Johnson | Nedra C. Sears

[1] J. Canelos. The Instructional Effectiveness of Three Content-Independent Imagery Learning Strategies and Visualized Instruction of Varying Complexity , 1982 .

[2] A. Bernstein. A handbook of statistics solutions for the behavioral sciences , 1964 .

[3] David Bernard Guralnik,et al. Webster's New World dictionary of the American language , 1974 .

[4] S. Templeton. Spelling First, Sound Later: The Relationship between Orthography and Higher Order Phonological Knowledge in Older Students , 1979, Research in the Teaching of English.

[5] Mildred R. Donoghue. The child and the English language arts , 1971 .

[6] Leon D. Radaker. The Effect of Visual Imagery upon Spelling Performance , 1963 .

[7] D. Campbell,et al. EXPERIMENTAL AND QUASI-EXPERIMENT Al DESIGNS FOR RESEARCH , 2012 .

[8] Ruey-Yun Horng. The Interactive Effects of Imagery Learning Strategy and Originality on Learning and Long-Term Retention , 1981 .

[9] Jerry N. Kuhn,et al. A Multi-Sensory Approach for Teaching Spelling. , 1971 .