Advances in Titanium Alloy Welding Metallurgy

Welding of titanium structures is a cost-effective manufacturing method for numerous components used in demanding aerospace applications. With the proliferation of specialized commercial titanium grades, modern analytical techniques are supplementing traditional experimentation in joining technology. By implementing knowledge of welding metallurgy, titanium alloy systems, high-integrity welds can be made by several arc and energy beam processes. Specifically, engineers can now begin to control mechanical properties by employing those welding techniques that produce the most desirable fusion and heat-affected zone structures. Welding methods must be compatible with section size and alloy characteristics. While these design considerations involve complex integration of basic theory with limited empirical data, the final process selection represents a substantial potential for economic saving in component procurement, thermal processing, assembly, and overall quality.