On contour invariants: relationship and application

Recently, several topological invariants have been proposed for distinguishing holes from external contours in digital images. We first introduce these invariants and then demonstrate their relationship in Z/sup 2/. From the total curvature, all the other invariants can be deduced. It indicates that the total curvature is an underlying concept for components. As an application, an algorithm for labelling connected components based on these invariants is proposed. Comparing to existing methods, the approach using the contour invariants is simpler and more efficient.