Internationalization of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises: a multi case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the determinants of the internationalization of small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). More specifically, it is to test the effects of entrepreneurship and networking relationship on the internationalization pattern of SMEs from an emerging economy, Brazil.Design/methodology/approach – The study was designed to be qualitative, using a sample of three companies from the manufacturing industries, with significant involvement in foreign markets.Findings – The study has shown that the importance of entrepreneurs and network relationship are important factors for the understanding of the internationalization's pattern of SMEs. Furthermore, the performance of internationalization depends largely on the ability of companies to relate innovative and proactive international behavior to learning's process through the maintenance of national and international networking.Originality/value – Most empirical studies have been concentrated to evaluate and address thi...

[1]  Jan Johanson,et al.  Management of foreign market entry , 1992 .

[2]  Sylvie K. Chetty,et al.  Internationalisation of small to medium-sized manufacturing firms: a network approach , 2000 .

[3]  J. Johanson,et al.  THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE FIRM — FOUR SWEDISH CASES , 1975 .

[4]  Aodheen O'Donnell,et al.  Networking in SMEs: Findings from Australia and Ireland , 2006 .

[5]  L. Welch,et al.  Internationalization: Evolution of a Concept , 1988 .

[6]  Nicole Coviello,et al.  Network relationships and the internationalisation process of small software firms , 1997 .

[7]  R. Gulati Social Structure and Alliance Formation Patterns: A Longitudinal Analysis , 1995 .

[8]  I. Steinerowska-Streb The determinants of enterprise profi tability during reduced economic activity , 2012 .

[9]  J. Johanson,et al.  Business Relationship Learning and Commitment in the Internationalization Process , 2003 .

[10]  G. Gemser,et al.  Exploring the internationalisation process of small business: a study of Dutch old and new economy firms , 2004 .

[11]  J. Dunning The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity , 2000 .

[12]  John W. Creswell,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches , 1997 .

[13]  M. Wright,et al.  International market selection strategies selected by 'micro' and 'small' firms , 2002 .

[14]  M. Forsgren,et al.  Nordic International Business Research , 2000 .

[15]  John W. Creswell,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches , 2010 .

[16]  R. Rowden Research note: How a small business enters the international market , 2001 .

[17]  S. Shane,et al.  The Promise of Enterpreneurship as a Field of Research , 2000 .

[18]  Rajshekhar G. Javalgi,et al.  Internationalization of SMEs in India , 2007 .

[19]  Jim Bell,et al.  The internationalization of small computer software firms , 1995 .

[20]  N. Coviello,et al.  Growing the entrepreneurial firm , 1995 .

[21]  D. Kuratko A Tribute to 50 Years of Excellence in Entrepreneurship and Small Business , 2006 .

[22]  Mario Sergio Salerno,et al.  O impacto da internacionalização com foco na inovação tecnológica sobre as exportações das firmas brasileiras , 2005 .

[23]  C. A. Hemais,et al.  O processo de internacionalização na ótica da escola nórdica: evidências empíricas em empresas brasileiras , 2003 .

[24]  Peter J. Buckley,et al.  The Internationalization of the Firm: A Reader , 1998 .

[25]  Bruce Mtigwe,et al.  The entrepreneurial firm internationalization process in the Southern African context: A comparative approach , 2005 .

[26]  S. Hymer,et al.  The International Operations of National Firms: A Study of Direct Foreign Investment , 1976 .

[27]  Andrew McAuley,et al.  Internationalisation and the Smaller Firm: A Review of Contemporary Empirical Research1 , 1999 .

[28]  A. Shamsuddoha,et al.  Export promotion programmes as antecedents of internationalisation of developing country firms: a theoretical model and empirical assessment , 2007 .

[29]  J. Johanson,et al.  The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments , 1977 .

[30]  Hsiang‐Lin Cheng,et al.  Institutional pressures and initiation of internationalization: Evidence from Taiwanese small- and medium-sized enterprises , 2008 .

[31]  M. Casson,et al.  The future of the multinational enterprise , 1977 .

[32]  Chris Styles,et al.  Opportunities for marketing researchers in international entrepreneurship , 2006 .

[33]  Andrea Bonaccorsi,et al.  On the Relationship Between Firm Size and Export Intensity , 1992 .

[34]  John H. Dunning,et al.  The Eclectic Paradigm as an Envelope for Economic and Business Theories of MNE Activity: The Selected Essays of John H. Dunning, Volume I , 2000 .

[35]  M. H. Bala Subrahmanya,et al.  Development strategies for Indian SMEs: promoting linkages with global transnational corporations , 2007 .

[36]  Jay B. Barney,et al.  How entrepreneurial firms can benefit from alliances with large partners , 2001 .

[37]  K. Eisenhardt Building theories from case study research , 1989, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[38]  Gillian Sullivan Mort,et al.  Networking capability and international entrepreneurship: How networks function in Australian born global firms , 2006 .

[39]  S. Shane,et al.  The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research , 2000 .

[40]  J. Johanson,et al.  The Mechanism of Internationalisation , 1990 .

[41]  Heinz Hollenstein,et al.  Determinants of International Activities: Are SMEs Different? , 2005 .

[42]  Ahmed U. Zafar,et al.  The Impact of Firm Resources on Subsidiary’s Competitiveness in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Study of Singaporean SMEs’ Performance in China , 2007 .

[43]  Leo Grebler Some Fundamental Issues , 1960 .