Advances in superporous hydrogels.

Superporous hydrogels (SPHs) are different from superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) in that SPHs swell fast, within minutes, to the equilibrium swollen state regardless of their size. The fast swelling property is based on water absorption through open porous structure by capillary force. The poor mechanical strength of SPHs was overcome by developing the second-generation SPH composites (SPHCs) and the third-generation SPH hybrids (SPHHs). This review examines the differences between SAPs and SPHs and describes three different generations of SPHs.

[1]  Experimental Design for the Synthesis of Polyacrylamide Superporous Hydrogels , 2002 .

[2]  Kinam Park,et al.  Synthesis of superporous hydrogels: hydrogels with fast swelling and superabsorbent properties. , 1999, Journal of biomedical materials research.

[3]  P. Sammes,et al.  Modified acrylic-based superabsorbent polymers. Effect of temperature and initiator concentration , 1998 .

[4]  T. P. Davis,et al.  Synthesis of porous hydrogel structures by polymerizing the continuous phase of a microemulsion , 1995 .

[5]  Mansoor M. Amiji,et al.  Preparation and Characterization of Freeze-dried Chitosan-Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Hydrogels for Site-Specific Antibiotic Delivery in the Stomach , 1996, Pharmaceutical Research.

[6]  I J Constable,et al.  Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) sponges as implant materials: in vivo and in vitro evaluation of cellular invasion. , 1993, Biomaterials.

[7]  S. Hashemi,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of acrylic‐based superabsorbents , 1993 .

[8]  Gerrit Borchard,et al.  Peroral Absorption of Octreotide in Pigs Formulated in Delivery Systems on the Basis of Superporous Hydrogel Polymers , 2002, Pharmaceutical Research.

[9]  H E Junginger,et al.  Intestinal absorption of human insulin in pigs using delivery systems based on superporous hydrogel polymers. , 2002, International journal of pharmaceutics.

[10]  Gerrit Borchard,et al.  In vitro evaluation of intestinal absorption of desmopressin using drug-delivery systems based on superporous hydrogels. , 2004, International journal of pharmaceutics.

[11]  N. B. Graham,et al.  Porogens in the preparation of microporous hydrogels based on poly(ethylene oxides). , 1993, Biomaterials.

[12]  M. Zohuriaan‐Mehr,et al.  DSC studies on synthesis of superabsorbent hydrogels , 2002 .

[13]  B. Tighe,et al.  Macroporous hydrogels for biomedical applications: methodology and morphology. , 1993, Biomaterials.

[14]  M. Zohuriaan‐Mehr,et al.  Novel approach to highly porous superabsorbent hydrogels: synergistic effect of porogens on porosity and swelling rate , 2003 .