Learner motivation in a French L2 context: Teacher motivational practices and student attitudes in relation to proficiency

EnglishAdhering to Dornyei’s Extended Motivational Framework, this study investigates the motivation of a fully representative sample of 1650 Grade 8 students learning French in Flanders. It also considers their teachers’ motivational practices, and multilevel regression analyses identify correlations with the students’ standardized listening, reading and writing scores. The students’ motivation appears to be influenced by a national as well as a global identity. As Belgian citizens, the students have high levels of instrumental motivation related to finding a job, and they want to be good at French given the proximity of a French-speaking community. Both characteristics are positively related to proficiency As a world citizen, however, the students prefer everything English. Enjoyment of French media also correlates with French proficiency, but in that respect, many students score low. The study further revealed rather high anxiety levels and low selfefficacy beliefs, which could be improved with teachers communicating more clearly about their expectations. Writing turns out to be the skill that can be influenced the most by motivational class practices. However, teacher reports of these practices are often more positive than student reports. It therefore seems imperative that students become more involved in and aware of their own learning process. francaisLe presente article prend comme point de depart le modele motivationnel propose par Dornyei (« Extended Motivational Framework »). Il porte sur la motivation d’un echantillon entierement representatif de 1650 eleves de deuxieme annee de l’enseignement secondaire (grade 8) apprenant le francais en Flandre, tout en abordant aussi les pratiques motivationnelles de leurs enseignants. Des analyses de regression multiniveaux ont permis d’etablir des correlations entre les pratiques des enseignants et les resultats normalises obtenus par les eleves a des epreuves de comprehension de l’oral et de l’ecrit et d’expression ecrite. Il s’est avere que la motivation des eleves est facteur d’une identite nationale ainsi que mondiale. En tant que citoyens belges, les eleves font preuve d’un haut degre de motivation instrumentale liee a la recherche d’un emploi et ils veulent etre forts en francais etant donne la proximite de la Communaute francaise de Belgique. Ces deux elements sont correles positivement a la competence linguistique. En tant que citoyens du monde, par contre, les eleves ont une preference tres marquee pour tout ce qui est anglais. S’il est vrai que le fait d’aimer les medias francophones est correle de facon positive a la competence en francais, un grand nombre d’eleves obtiennent une cote relativement faible a cet egard. L’etude a en outre revele que les eleves presentent un niveau d’anxiete relativement eleve et une confiance en soi (auto-efficacite) plutot faible, deux caracteristiques qui pourraient etre ameliorees par une communication plus explicite de la part des enseignants sur leurs attentes vis-a-vis des eleves. Il est apparu que l’expression ecrite est la competence qui peut etre influencee le plus par les pratiques motivationnelles des enseignants. Or, les reponses des enseignants relatives a l’application de ces pratiques sont souvent plus positives que celles des eleves. C’est pourquoi il nous semble indispensable que les eleves soient davantage impliques dans et rendus conscients de leur propre processus d’apprentissage.

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