Low power consumption electrically pumped photonic crystal membrane devices

A fabrication procedure for electrically pumping photonic crystal membrane devices using a lateral p-i-n junction has been developed and is described in this work. The lateral junction is optimized to efficiently inject current into a photonic crystal nanocavity. We have demonstrated electrically pumped lasing by using the lateral junction to pump a quantum dot photonic crystal nanocavity laser. Continuous wave lasing is observed at temperatures up to 150K, and a threshold of 181nA at 50K is demonstrated - the lowest threshold ever demonstrated in an electrically pumped laser. We have demonstrated electrical pumping of photonic crystal nanobeam light emitting diodes, and observe linewidth narrowing at room temperature.

[1]  Dirk Englund,et al.  Ultra Fast Nonlinear Optical Tuning of Photonic Crystal Cavities , 2007 .

[2]  D. Englund,et al.  Dynamics of Quantum Dot Photonic Crystal Lasers , 2007, 2007 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO).

[3]  Marko Loncar,et al.  Photonic crystal nanobeam lasers , 2010, CLEO/QELS: 2010 Laser Science to Photonic Applications.

[4]  Gunnar Björk,et al.  Analysis of semiconductor microcavity lasers using rate equations , 1991 .

[5]  Axel Scherer,et al.  Optimization of the Q factor in photonic crystal microcavities , 2002 .

[6]  Masaya Notomi,et al.  20-Gbit/s directly modulated photonic crystal nanocavity laser with ultra-low power consumption. , 2011, Optics express.

[7]  Jelena Vuckovic,et al.  Photonic crystal cavities in silicon dioxide , 2009, 0910.0222.

[8]  Axel Scherer,et al.  Quantum dot photonic crystal lasers , 2002 .

[9]  T. Asano,et al.  High-Q photonic nanocavity in a two-dimensional photonic crystal , 2003, Nature.

[10]  Dirk Englund,et al.  Ultrafast photonic crystal nanocavity laser , 2006 .

[11]  Sung-Bock Kim,et al.  Characteristics of electrically driven two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers , 2005 .

[12]  D. Bouwmeester,et al.  Self-tuned quantum dot gain in photonic crystal lasers. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[13]  F. Karouta,et al.  Photonic crystal slot nanobeam slow light waveguides for refractive index sensing , 2010 .

[14]  Luca Dal Negro,et al.  Observation of transparency of Erbium-doped silicon nitride in photonic crystal nanobeam cavities. , 2010, Optics express.

[15]  David A. B. Miller,et al.  Device Requirements for Optical Interconnects to Silicon Chips , 2009, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[16]  Susumu Noda,et al.  Fine-tuned high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavity. , 2005, Optics express.

[17]  Dirk Englund,et al.  Low-threshold surface-passivated photonic crystal nanocavity laser , 2007 .

[18]  Kengo Nozaki,et al.  Photonic crystal nanolaser monolithically integrated with passive waveguide for effective light extraction , 2008 .

[19]  P. Dapkus,et al.  Ultralow threshold current vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with AlAs oxide-GaAs distributed Bragg reflectors , 1995, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[20]  Soon-Hong Kwon,et al.  Electrically Driven Single-Cell Photonic Crystal Laser , 2004, Science.

[21]  Susumu Noda,et al.  Photonic crystal lasers—ultimate nanolasers and broad-area coherent lasers [Invited] , 2010 .

[22]  K. Vahala,et al.  Optomechanical crystals , 2009, Nature.

[23]  A. Scherer,et al.  Low-Threshold Photonic Crystal Laser , 2002 .

[24]  Yasuhiko Arakawa,et al.  Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Continuous-wave Laser Operation at Room Temperature , 2006 .

[25]  J. Harris,et al.  Nanobeam photonic crystal cavity quantum dot laser. , 2010, Optics express.

[26]  Bryan Ellis,et al.  Electrically pumped photonic crystal nanocavity light sources using a laterally doped p-i-n junction , 2010 .