Phase-plane visualizations of gestural structure in expressive timing

Background in music performance research For the past few decades there has been considerable scientific interest in expression in music performance (Gabrielsson, 2003). A particularly relevant aspect of music performance is expressive timing, that is, the fluctuations of tempo during a performance. Accordingly, expressive timing has been one of the major topics in music performance research. As an expressive parameter, timing is used to clarify the musical structure of the piece (Clarke, 1988), among other things.