Submitted by ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

AN ORDINANCE AMENDING ANCHORAGE MUNICIPAL CODE SECTION 8.15.010 1 TO RAISE THE MINIMUM VALUE OF PROPERTY IN THE CRIME OF THEFT BY 2 SHOPLIFTING; AMENDING SECTION 8.75.160 TO RAISE THE VALUE THRESHOLD 3 AND ADD A CIVIL VIOLATION ALTERNATIVE REMEDY; AND AMENDING 4 SECTION 14.60.030 TO ESTABLISH A FINE AND CONFER JURISDICTION ON THE 5 ADMINISTRATIVE HEARING OFFICER. 6 ____________________________________________________________________________ 7 8 THE ANCHORAGE ASSEMBLY ORDAINS: 9 10 Section 1. Anchorage Municipal Code section 8.15.010 is amended to read as follows: 11 12 8.15.010 Theft defined. 13 14 A. A person commits theft if: 15 1. With the intent to deprive another of property or to appropriate 16 property of another to oneself or a third person, the person obtains the 17 property of another; or 18 2. The person commits theft of lost property under AMC 8.15.020; or 19 3. The person commits theft by deception under AMC 8.15.030; or 20 4. The person commits theft of services under AMC 8.15.040; or 21 5. The person commits theft by shoplifting under AMC 8.15.050. 22 B. Penalties. The crime of theft as defined in AMC 8.15.010A. is punishable by a 23 fine of not more than: 24 1. $2,000.00 or imprisonment of not more than six months, or both such 25 fine and imprisonment, if the value of the property or services is $5.00 26 or more but less than $50.00; except if the crime is theft by shoplifting 27 under subsection A.5. above, then the aforementioned fine applies if 28 the value of the property is $25.00 or more but less than $50.00. 29 2. $10,000.00 or imprisonment of not more than one year, or both such 30 fine and imprisonment, if the value of the property or services is $50.00 31 or greater. 32 (AO No. 98-59(S), § 1, 5-19-98; AO No. 2003-73, § 3, 4-22-03) 33

[1]  J. Gaddum Probit Analysis , 1948, Nature.

[2]  R. Anderson,et al.  Metabolism of trifluralin in the rat and dog. , 1966, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[3]  G. Probst,et al.  Fate of trifluralin in soils and plants , 1967 .

[4]  G. Waldbauer The Consumption and Utilization of Food by Insects , 1968 .

[5]  W. Jackson,et al.  Cytological Studies in vivo of Picloram, Pyriclor, Trifluralin, 2, 3, 6-TBA, 2, 3, 5, 6-TBA, and Nitralin , 1968 .

[6]  O. B. Cope,et al.  The effects of temperature on the susceptibility of bluegills and rainbow trout to selected pesticides , 1969, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[7]  T. Golab,et al.  Fate of carbon-14 trifluralin in artificial rumen fluid and in ruminant animals. , 1969 .

[8]  H. Sanders Pesticide Toxicities to Tadpoles of the Western Chorus Frog Pseudacris triseriata and Fowler's Toad Bufo woodhousii fowleri , 1970 .

[9]  V. Feil,et al.  Identification of trifluralin metabolites from rumen microbial cultures. Effect of trifluralin on bacteria and protozoa. , 1971, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[10]  R. Goldstein,et al.  Analysis of Insect Consumption in a Forest Conopy , 1973 .

[11]  M. El-Khadem,et al.  The effect of certain nitro-herbicides on the growth of some soil-inhabiting fungi. , 1973, Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Zweite naturwissenschaftliche Abt.: Allgemeine, landwirtschaftliche und technische Mikrobiologie.

[12]  D. Crosby,et al.  The photodecomposition of trifluralin in water , 1973, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[13]  J. L. Hilton,et al.  Comparison of trifluralin, oryzalin, pronamide, propham, and colchicine treatments on microtubules , 1973 .

[14]  K. Reinbold Effects of the Synergist Piperonyl-Butoxide on Toxicity and Metabolism of Pesticides in Green Sunfish (Lepomis Cyanellus Rafinesque) , 1974 .

[15]  W. Spencer,et al.  Factors affecting vapor loss of trifluralin from soil. , 1974, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[16]  D. Crosby,et al.  Photodecomposition of trifluralin. , 1974, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[17]  H. Chambers,et al.  Resistance to Herbicides in Insecticide- Resistant Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis , 1974 .

[18]  T. Golab,et al.  Degradation of Trifluralin, Oryzalin, and Isopropalin in soil. , 1975, Environmental quality and safety. Supplement.

[19]  R. Metcalf,et al.  Effects of the synergist piperonyl butoxide on metabolism of pesticides in green sunfish , 1976 .

[20]  R. R. Bruce,et al.  Soil and Microclimate Effects on Trifluralin Volatilization 1 , 1976 .

[21]  M. Anbar,et al.  Determination and disposition of trifluralin in the rat. Separation by sequential high-pressure liquid chromatography and quantitation by field ionization mass spectrometry. , 1977, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[22]  P. C. Kearney,et al.  Metabolism of trifluralin, profluralin, and fluchloralin by rat liver microsomes , 1977 .

[23]  A. Rahman,et al.  Effect of soil organic matter on the phytotoxicity of soil-applied herbicides — field studies , 1978 .

[24]  D. Duseja,et al.  FIELD PERSISTENCE AND MOVEMENT OF TRIFLURALIN IN TWO SOIL TYPES , 1978 .

[25]  B. Burney,et al.  Effect of soil compaction on phytotoxicity and persistence of soil‐applied herbicides , 1978 .

[26]  S. Beck, Concentration and toxicity of trifluralin in CD-1 mice, presented intragastrically or intraperitoneally , 1978, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[27]  W. S. Snyder,et al.  Report of the task group on reference man , 1979, Annals of the ICRP.

[28]  E. Day,et al.  Determination of volatile nitrosamines in crops and soils treated with dinitroaniline herbicides. , 1979, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[29]  J. Hamelink,et al.  Dynamics of trifluralin accumulation in river fishes , 1979 .

[30]  L. Margulis,et al.  Colchicine, nocodazole and trifluralin: different effects of microtubule polymerization inhibitors on the uptake and migration of endosymbiotic algae in Hydra viridis. , 1979, Cytobios.

[31]  D. Hansen,et al.  Vertebral dysplasia in young fish exposed to the herbicide trifluralin. , 1979 .

[32]  A. Páldy,et al.  The mutagenic effect of trifluralin-containing herbicide on mouse bone marrow in vivo. , 1979, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[33]  A. Páldy,et al.  The mutagenic effect of trifluralin-containing herbicide on mouse germ cells in vivo. , 1980, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[34]  L. E. Asmussen,et al.  Trifluralin Movement in Runoff from a Small Agricultural Watershed , 1980 .

[35]  E. Hodgson,et al.  Pesticides as inducers of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes--I. Mixed function oxidase activity. , 1980, General pharmacology.

[36]  Randall G. Sullivan,et al.  Photolysis of trifluralin: characterization of azobenzene and azoxybenzene photodegradation products , 1980 .

[37]  E. A. Walker,et al.  Behavior of trifluralin in aquatic model ecosystems , 1980, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[38]  H. Bailey,et al.  Lumbriculus variegatus, a benthic oligochaete, as a bioassay organism , 1980 .

[39]  A. Páldy,et al.  Experiments on the mutagenic effect of two pesticides, DNOC and trifluralin , 1980 .

[40]  M. Finley,et al.  Handbook of Acute Toxicity of Chemicals to Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates , 1980 .

[41]  E. Hodgson,et al.  Pesticides as inducers of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes--II. Glutathione S-transferases. , 1980, General pharmacology.

[42]  J. Robens Carcinogenicity studies of selected herbicides. , 1980, Veterinary and human toxicology.

[43]  D. Duseja,et al.  Trifluralin soil behavior: Persistence, movement and weed control , 1980 .

[44]  Y. Nishiuchi,et al.  Establishment of Bioassay Methods for the Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Aquatic Organisms , 1981 .

[45]  A. Páldy,et al.  Histopathological and cytogenetical picture of microtoxicological effects of 2 nitrophenol-structured pesticides in mouse experiments on germ cells , 1981 .

[46]  Ellen J. O'Flaherty,et al.  Toxicants and drugs: Kinetics and dynamics , 1981 .

[47]  P. Betta,et al.  Preliminary experimental contribution to the study of possible carcinogenic activity of two herbicides containing atrazine-simazine and trifuralin as active principles. , 1981, Pathologica.

[48]  D. Nimmo AN OVERVIEW OF THE ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS OF FIRST AND SECOND GENERATION PESTICIDES ON AN ESTUARINE MYSID , 1981 .

[49]  R. Frank,et al.  Estimation of inhalation exposure to N-nitrosodipropylamine during the application and incorporation of the herbicide trifluralin , 1982 .

[50]  D. Wells,et al.  Vertebral dysplasia in salmonids caused by the herbicide trifluralin , 1982 .

[51]  Wayland J. Hayes,et al.  Pesticides studied in man , 1982 .

[52]  A. Páldy,et al.  The effects of five weeks treatment with dinitro‐o‐cresol‐ or trifluralin‐containing pesticides on the germ cells of male mice , 1982, Journal of applied toxicology : JAT.

[53]  E. E. Kenaga,et al.  Predictability of chronic toxicity from acute toxicity of chemicals in fish and aquatic invertebrates , 1982 .

[54]  S. M. Naqvi,et al.  Trifluralin and oryzalin herbicides toxicities to juvenile crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) and mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) , 1983, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[55]  G. LeBlanc Interspecies relationships in acute toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms , 1984 .

[56]  Laurence C. Mudge,et al.  Resistance of Goosegrass (Eleusine indica) to Dinitroaniline Herbicides , 1984, Weed Science.

[57]  D. Netzer Herbicide Trials on European Larch in Northern Wisconsin , 1984 .

[58]  H. W. Dorough,et al.  Relative toxicities of chemicals to the earthworm Eisenia foetida , 1984 .

[59]  R. Tucker,et al.  Handbook of toxicity of pesticides to wildlife , 1984 .

[60]  D. Glotfelty,et al.  Volatilization of surface-applied pesticides from fallow soil , 1984 .

[61]  Virginia McAlester,et al.  A Field Guide to American Houses , 1984 .

[62]  W. A. Gardner,et al.  Sensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to Selected Herbicides , 1985 .

[63]  J. Seiber,et al.  Measuring pesticide volatilization from small surface areas in the field , 1985, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[64]  J. M. Mason,et al.  Chemical mutagenesis testing in Drosophila. IX. Results of 50 coded compounds tested for the national toxicology program , 1985, Environmental mutagenesis.

[65]  E. Somers International Agency for Research on Cancer. , 1985, CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne.

[66]  J. Weber,et al.  Adsorption and Efficacy of Trifluralin and Butralin as Influenced by Soil Properties , 1985, Weed Science.

[67]  A. Triolo,et al.  Protective effects of trifluralin on benzo(a)pyrene-induced tumors in A/J mice. , 1985, Cancer research.

[68]  R. Menzer,et al.  Metabolism of trifluralin in rats , 1985 .

[69]  U. Epa Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment , 1986 .

[70]  B. T. Johnson,et al.  Potential impact of selected agricultural chemical contaminants on a northern prairie wetland: A microcosm evaluation. , 1986, Environmental toxicology and chemistry.

[71]  G. Lio-Po,et al.  Tolerance of Penaeus monodon eggs and larvae to fungicides against Lagenidium sp. and Haliphthoros philippinensis , 1986 .

[72]  E. Hill,et al.  Lethal Dietary Toxicities of Environmental Contaminants and Pesticides to Coturnix , 1986 .

[73]  R. S. Farag,et al.  Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus in a Medium Containing Plant Hormones, Herbicides or Insecticides. , 1987, Journal of food protection.

[74]  A. Mantovani,et al.  Subchronic oral toxicity of 4-chloro-alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluorotoluene in Sprague-Dawley rats. , 1987, Food and Chemical Toxicology.

[75]  K. Nagy FIELD METABOLIC RATE AND FOOD REQUIREMENT SCALING IN MAMMALS AND BIRDS , 1987 .

[76]  W. C. Koskinen,et al.  Effects of trifluralin metabolites on goosegrass (Eleusine indica) root meristems. , 1987 .

[77]  G. E. Templeton,et al.  Trifluralin concentration and the growth of Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae in liquid medium and soil , 1988 .

[78]  R. Chollet,et al.  Use of the cell wall-less alga Dunaliella bioculata in herbicide screening tests , 1988 .

[79]  O. Oji,et al.  Effect of Nematicide and Herbicide Interactions on Field Population of Cyst Nematode and Agronomic Characters of Soybean , 1988 .

[80]  K. Bowren,et al.  Airborne residues of triallate and trifluralin in Saskatchewan , 1988, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[81]  R. Hindle,et al.  Determination of N-nitrosodipropylamine in trifluralin emulsifiable concentrates using minicolumn cleanup and gas chromatography with thermal energy analyzer. , 1988, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[82]  P. Foureman The TX;Y test for the detection of nondisjunction and chromosome breakage in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Results of female exposures. , 1988, Mutation research.

[83]  D. Derksen,et al.  Loss of trifluralin from clay and loam soils containing aged and freshly applied residues , 1988, Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology.

[84]  M. El-Khadem,et al.  INHIBITION OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. VASINFECTUM SPORES BY PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES , 1989 .

[85]  R. Kremer,et al.  Influence of Chemical Treatment and Fusarium oxysporum on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) , 1989, Weed Technology.

[86]  R. Zimdahl,et al.  Mathematical Description of Trifluralin Degradation in Soil , 1989, Weed Science.

[87]  Kaija Kuivasniemi,et al.  Studies on the Effect of Cell Division‐inhibiting Herbicides on Unialgal and Mixed Algal Cultures , 1989 .