Entrepôts de données multidimensionnelles NoSQL

Les donnees des systemes d'analyse en ligne (OLAP, On-Line Analytical Processing) sont traditionnellement gerees par des bases de donnees relationnelles. Malheureusement, il devient difficile de gerer des megadonnees (de gros volumes de donnees, « Big Data »). Dans un tel contexte, comme alternative, les environnements « Not-Only SQL » (NoSQL) peuvent fournir un passage a l'echelle tout en gardant une certaine flexibilite pour un systeme OLAP. Nous definissons ainsi des regles pour convertir un schema en etoile, ainsi que son optimisation, le treillis d'agregats pre-calcules, en deux modeles logiques NoSQL : oriente-colonnes ou oriente-documents. En utilisant ces regles, nous implementons et analysons deux systemes decisionnels, un par modele, avec MongoDB et HBase. Nous comparons ces derniers sur les phases de chargement des donnees (generees avec le benchmark TPC-DS), de calcul d'un treillis et d'interrogation.

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