Titanium-cell interaction: analysis of gene expression profiling.

Titanium and its alloys are used worldwide in surgery. Dental implants, screws and plates, prostheses, and surgical instruments are made with titanium-based metals. The favorable characteristics that make this material desirable for implantation are (a) mechanical proprieties and (b) biocompatibility. The latter has been demonstrated by in vivo studies with animal models and clinical trials over a 40-year period. However, the exact effect of titanium on cells is still not well characterized. Expression profiling by DNA microarray is a new molecular technology that allows the analysis of gene expression in a cell system. Several genes whose expression was significantly up- or downregulated in an osteoblast-like cell line (MG-63) on titanium were identified with the use of DNA microarrays containing 19,200 genes. The differentially expressed genes are associated with a broad range of functional activities, including apoptosis, vesicular transport, and structural function. It was also possible to detect some genes whose function is unknown. The data reported are, to the author's knowledge, the first genetic portrait of titanium-cell interaction. They may help to provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of titanium biocompatibility and serve as a model for studying the biocompatibility of other materials.

[1]  S. Volinia,et al.  Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Salivary Gland Tumors by DNA Microarrays 1 Supported by Università di Ferrara, Murst Prin, Carisbo, Carife Grants.1 , 2002 .

[2]  J. Gunsolley,et al.  A multi-center study comparing dual acid-etched and machined-surfaced implants in various bone qualities. , 2001, Journal of periodontology.

[3]  B. Kobilka,et al.  Two functionally distinct α2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission , 1999, Nature.

[4]  S. Elledge,et al.  SGT1 encodes an essential component of the yeast kinetochore assembly pathway and a novel subunit of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex. , 1999, Molecular cell.

[5]  S. Chen,et al.  CIDE, a novel family of cell death activators with homology to the 45 kDa subunit of the DNA fragmentation factor , 1998, The EMBO journal.

[6]  P. Lichtner,et al.  Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human peroxisomal membrane protein‐1‐like protein (PXMP1‐L) gene encoding a peroxisomal ABC transporter 1 , 1998, FEBS letters.

[7]  T. Schall,et al.  Identification and Molecular Characterization of Fractalkine Receptor CX3CR1, which Mediates Both Leukocyte Migration and Adhesion , 1997, Cell.

[8]  M. Barbacid,et al.  p619, a giant protein related to the chromosome condensation regulator RCC1, stimulates guanine nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and Rab proteins. , 1996, The EMBO journal.

[9]  L. Brodin,et al.  Impairment of synaptic vesicle clustering and of synaptic transmission, and increased seizure propensity, in synapsin I-deficient mice. , 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  E. Maestrini,et al.  Comparative mapping of the actin-binding protein 280 genes in human and mouse. , 1994, Genomics.

[11]  F. Kaye,et al.  Stch encodes the ‘ATPase core’ of a microsomal stress 70 protein. , 1994, The EMBO journal.

[12]  M. Ambler,et al.  Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease: an X-linked neurologic disorder of myelin metabolism with a novel mutation in the gene encoding proteolipid protein. , 1989, American journal of human genetics.

[13]  C. Birkenmeier,et al.  Chromosomal location of three spectrin genes: relationship to the inherited hemolytic anemias of mouse and man. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[14]  T. Mohandas,et al.  The human and rodent intestinal fatty acid binding protein genes. A comparative analysis of their structure, expression, and linkage relationships. , 1987, The Journal of biological chemistry.