Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Using Affinity Propagation for Wireless Sensor Networks

This letter proposes a new low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol for wireless sensor networks that use a distributed cluster formation based on affinity propagation (AP). The proposed LEACH protocol (LEACH-AP) enables a fully distributed control and resolves practical limitations of conventional LEACH-based protocols by simplifying network functionalities and reducing sensor hardware costs. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms existing LEACH-based protocols considerably in terms of network lifetime, energy dissipation rate, and total number of transferred bits.

[1]  Ru Li,et al.  Improved LEACH Routing Communication Protocol for a Wireless Sensor Network , 2012, Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks.

[2]  Xuxun Liu,et al.  A Survey on Clustering Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2012, Sensors.

[3]  Sriram Vishwanath,et al.  Distributed Algorithms for Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Relay Networks , 2012, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[4]  Brendan J. Frey,et al.  Factor graphs and the sum-product algorithm , 2001, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[5]  Ignas G. Niemegeers,et al.  An Analytical Energy Consumption Model for Packet Transfer over Wireless Links , 2012, IEEE Communications Letters.

[6]  Anantha P. Chandrakasan,et al.  An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[7]  Sang Hyun Lee,et al.  Affinity Propagation for Energy-Efficient BS Operations in Green Cellular Networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[8]  Qing Zhao,et al.  On the lifetime of wireless sensor networks , 2005, IEEE Communications Letters.

[9]  X. Jin.  Factor graphs and the Sum-Product Algorithm , 2002 .

[10]  Saad Harous,et al.  LEACH-CKM: Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy protocol with K-means and MTE , 2014, 2014 10th International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT).

[11]  Vijay Laxmi,et al.  Energy Efficient Clustered Routing for Wireless Sensor Network , 2013, 2013 IEEE 9th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks.

[12]  Victor C. M. Leung,et al.  Recent Advances in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks Toward Efficient Management in IoT , 2015, IEEE Access.

[13]  Delbert Dueck,et al.  Clustering by Passing Messages Between Data Points , 2007, Science.

[14]  Shokri Z. Selim,et al.  A simulated annealing algorithm for the clustering problem , 1991, Pattern Recognit..