A Simple and Fast Algorithm for the Automatic Localization of Optic Disc in Digital Fundus Retinal Images

An electrical circuit for driving an inductive load includes an output transistor of one conductivity type and a detector transistor of the other conductivity type. The output transistor has an emitter connected to a power source, a base to which an input signal is supplied, and a collector connected to one end of an inductive load. The detector transistor has an emitter connected to the collector of the output transistor, a base connected to the other end of the inductive load, and a collector connected to the base of the output transistor. When the output transistor is rendered nonconductive, high counter electromotive force is induced between both ends of the inductive load. Thereby the detector transistor turns on and the output transistor is rendered conductive again.

[1]  Huiqi Li,et al.  Automatic location of optic disk in retinal images , 2001, Proceedings 2001 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.01CH37205).

[2]  Langis Gagnon,et al.  Procedure to detect anatomical structures in optical fundus images , 2001, SPIE Medical Imaging.

[3]  Mongi A. Abidi,et al.  Gray-level grouping (GLG): an automatic method for optimized image contrast Enhancement-part I: the basic method , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Image Processing.

[4]  Pascale Massin,et al.  A contribution of image processing to the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy-detection of exudates in color fundus images of the human retina , 2002, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[5]  Enrico Grisan,et al.  Detection of optic disc in retinal images by means of a geometrical model of vessel structure , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[6]  C. Sinthanayothin,et al.  Automated localisation of the optic disc, fovea, and retinal blood vessels from digital colour fundus images , 1999, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[7]  Shankar M. Krishnan,et al.  Automatic image analysis of fundus photograph , 1997, Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 'Magnificent Milestones and Emerging Opportunities in Medical Engineering' (Cat. No.97CH36136).

[8]  Huiqi Li,et al.  Automated feature extraction in color retinal images by a model based approach , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[9]  Michael H. Goldbaum,et al.  Locating the optic nerve in a retinal image using the fuzzy convergence of the blood vessels , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.