Event-based PID control

For some industrial processes a small stationary control error or smooth oscillations of the process output around the set-point do not constitute hard design constraints but, however, the reduction of the information exchanged between the agents that take part in the control loop (sensors, controllers, actuators) is one of the tightest requirements. This is especially true when wireless sensos and actuators are employed, as the reduction of transmissions increases the lifetime of the batteries. With these demands, one of the most convenient strategies is the use of event-based sampling and control approaches. As PID controllers are the most employed in industry, during last years event-based PID controllers have been widely investigated. In this talk the main contributions will be reviewed and the main practical issues will be highlighted, showing that this kind of controller can be successfully applied by still exploiting the typical knowledge of industrial operators.

[1]  J.H. Braslavsky,et al.  Level Crossing Sampling in Feedback Stabilization under Data-Rate Constraints , 2006, Proceedings of the 45th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[2]  S. Gupta.  Increasing the sampling efficiency for a control system , 1963 .

[3]  Volodymyr Vasyutynskyy,et al.  Simple PID control algorithm adapted to deadband sampling , 2007, 2007 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (EFTA 2007).

[4]  R. Dorf,et al.  Adaptive sampling frequency for sampled-data control systems , 1962 .

[5]  Nicolas Marchand,et al.  Further results on event-based PID controller , 2009, 2009 European Control Conference (ECC).

[6]  Nicolas Marchand,et al.  Stabilization of Lebesgue Sampled Systems with Bounded Controls: The Chain of Integrators Case , 2008 .

[7]  V. Vasyutynskyy,et al.  Towards Comparison of Deadband Sampling Types , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  Jan Lunze,et al.  A state-feedback approach to event-based control , 2010, Autom..

[9]  W. P. M. H. Heemels,et al.  Analysis of event-driven controllers for linear systems , 2008, Int. J. Control.

[10]  Francisco Rodríguez,et al.  Event-based control and wireless sensor network for greenhouse diurnal temperature control: A simulated case study , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation.

[11]  Nicolas Marchand,et al.  An Event-Based PID Controller With Low Computational Cost , 2009 .

[12]  Volodymyr Vasyutynskyy,et al.  Event-based control: Overview and generic model , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Proceedings.

[13]  Volodymyr Vasyutynskyy,et al.  First order observers in event-based PID controls , 2009, 2009 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation.

[14]  Daniel Lehmann,et al.  Extension and experimental evaluation of an event-based state-feedback approach , 2011 .

[15]  J. Mitchell,et al.  Adaptive sampling technique , 1969 .

[16]  Tore Hägglund,et al.  Advanced PID Control , 2005 .

[17]  James Moyne,et al.  Using deadbands to reduce communication in networked control systems , 2002, Proceedings of the 2002 American Control Conference (IEEE Cat. No.CH37301).

[18]  Karl Henrik Johansson,et al.  Event-triggered strategies for industrial control over wireless networks , 2008, WICON 2008.

[19]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  Event Based Control , 2008 .

[20]  Antonio Visioli,et al.  Comparative study of event-based control strategies: An experimental approach on a simple tank , 2009, 2009 European Control Conference (ECC).

[21]  M. Miskowicz,et al.  Efficiency of level-crossing sampling for bandlimited gaussian random processes , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems.

[22]  Karl Henrik Johansson,et al.  Scheduling packets for Event-triggered control , 2009, 2009 European Control Conference (ECC).

[23]  Antonio Visioli,et al.  Practical PID Control , 2006 .

[24]  Marek Miskowicz,et al.  Send-On-Delta Concept: An Event-Based Data Reporting Strategy , 2006, Sensors (Basel, Switzerland).

[25]  T. Hsia,et al.  Analytic design of adaptive sampling control law in sampled-data systems , 1974 .

[26]  K. Åström,et al.  Comparison of Riemann and Lebesgue sampling for first order stochastic systems , 2002, Proceedings of the 41st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2002..

[27]  Anton Cervin,et al.  Scheduling of event-triggered controllers on a shared network , 2008, 2008 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[28]  Anton Cervin,et al.  Comparison of LTI and event-based control for a moving cart with quantized position measurements , 2009, 2009 European Control Conference (ECC).

[29]  Marek Miskowicz,et al.  Asymptotic Effectiveness of the Event-Based Sampling according to the Integral Criterion , 2007, Sensors (Basel, Switzerland).

[30]  Marek Miskowicz,et al.  Sampling of signals in energy domain , 2005, 2005 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation.

[31]  J.S. Baras,et al.  Level-triggered control of a scalar linear system , 2007, 2007 Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation.

[32]  Jr. M. Smith,et al.  An evaluation of adaptive sampling , 1971 .

[33]  Karl-Erik Årzén,et al.  A simple event-based PID controller , 1999 .

[34]  A. Visioli,et al.  A two-degree-of-freedom PI controller based on events , 2011 .

[35]  P.P.J. van den Bosch,et al.  Event-driven control as an opportunity in the multidisciplinary development of embedded controllers , 2005, Proceedings of the 2005, American Control Conference, 2005..

[36]  Karl Johan Åström,et al.  On limit cycles in event-based control systems , 2007, 2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[37]  A. Laub.  Efficient multivariable frequency response computations , 1980, 1980 19th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control including the Symposium on Adaptive Processes.

[38]  Anton Cervin,et al.  Sporadic event-based control of first-order linear stochastic systems , 2008, Autom..

[39]  V. Vasyutynskyy,et al.  Limit cycles in PI control loops with absolute deadband sampling , 2008, 2008 18th International Crimean Conference - Microwave & Telecommunication Technology.