Science as if situation mattered

When he formulated the program of neurophenomenology, Francisco Varela suggested a balanced methodological dissolution of the “hard problem” of consciousness. I show that his dissolution is a paradigm which imposes itself onto seemingly opposite views, including materialist approaches. I also point out that Varela's revolutionary epistemological ideas are gaining wider acceptance as a side effect of a recent controversy between hermeneutists and eliminativists. Finally, I emphasize a structural parallel between the science of consciousness and the distinctive features of quantum mechanics. This parallel, together with the former convergences, point towards the common origin of the main puzzles of both quantum mechanics and the philosophy of mind: neglect of the constitutive blindspot of objective knowledge.

[1]  F. Varela,et al.  Radical embodiment: neural dynamics and consciousness , 2001, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[2]  S. Stich Deconstructing the mind , 2000 .

[3]  R. Penrose,et al.  Shadows of the Mind , 1994 .

[4]  F. Varela Principles of biological autonomy , 1979 .

[5]  J. Searle THE MYSTERY OF CONSCIOUSNESS , 2019, Intellectual Entertainments.

[6]  R. Gordon Folk Psychology as Simulation , 1986 .

[7]  Dagfinn Føllesdal,et al.  Husserl's Theory of Perception , 1974 .

[8]  Michael Lockwood,et al.  'Many Minds' Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics , 1996 .

[9]  U. Mohrhoff What quantum mechanics is trying to tell us , 2000 .

[10]  Jean-Dominique Dominique Warnier,et al.  Logical Construction of Systems , 1981 .

[11]  Ronald Suter Interpreting Wittgenstein: A Cloud of Philosophy, a Drop of Grammar , 1989 .

[12]  K. Wilber AN INTEGRAL THEORY OF CONSCIOUSNESS , 1997 .

[13]  Niels Bohr,et al.  Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature , 1934 .

[14]  Holger Lyre Against measurement? — On the concept of information , 1997 .

[15]  T. Nagel The view from nowhere , 1987 .

[16]  J. Martinerie,et al.  The brainweb: Phase synchronization and large-scale integration , 2001, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[17]  Stephen Stich,et al.  Deconstructing the mind , 1996 .

[18]  M. Bitbol Some steps towards a transcendental deduction of quantum mechanics , 1998 .

[19]  P. Engel Philosophie et psychologie , 1996 .

[20]  W. Heisenberg,et al.  Physics and Philosophy , 1943, Nature.

[21]  Roland Omnès The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics , 1987 .

[22]  S. Blackburn,et al.  Essays in quasi-realism , 1993 .

[23]  Hilary Putnam The threefold cord : mind, body, and world , 1999 .

[24]  L. Smolin,et al.  The Life of the Cosmos , 1997 .

[25]  R. Gordon,et al.  The Simulation Theory: Objections and Misconceptions , 1992 .

[26]  Imre Lakatos,et al.  The methodology of scientific research programmes: Contents , 1978 .

[27]  Henry P. Stapp,et al.  The Hard Problem: A Quantum Approach , 1995, quant-ph/9505023.

[28]  Dennett's Mind , 1993 .

[29]  F. Varela The naturalization of phenomenology as the transcendence of nature: Searching for generative mutual constraints , 1997 .

[30]  D. Chalmers Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness , 1997 .

[31]  E. Wigner Remarks on the Mind-Body Question , 1995 .

[32]  P. Churchland Neurophilosophy: Toward a unified science of the mind , 1989 .

[33]  C. Mundle “Private Language” and Wittgenstein’s Kind of Behaviourism , 1966 .

[34]  Jacques Martinerie,et al.  SPATIO-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF EPILEPTOGENIC NETWORKS , 2000 .

[35]  Paul Teller,et al.  Quantum Mechanics: An Empiricist View , 1991 .

[36]  D. Chalmers Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness , 1995 .

[37]  Alwyn C. Scott,et al.  Toward a Science of Consciousness II: The 1996 Tucson Discussions and Debates , 1998 .

[38]  D. Chalmers The conscious mind: in search of a fundamental theory , 1996 .

[39]  C. Darwin A Collision Problem in the Wave Mechanics , 1929 .

[40]  W. Zurek Environment-induced superselection rules , 1982 .

[41]  Bitbol Physique et philosophie de l’esprit , 2000 .

[42]  Michael Lockwood,et al.  Mind, Brain And The Quantum , 1989 .

[43]  Ludwig Wittgenstein,et al.  II: Notes for Lectures on "Private Experience" and "Sense Data" , 1968 .

[44]  B. Alan Wallace,et al.  The taboo of subjectivity : toward a new science of consciousness , 2000 .

[45]  A. Goldman In Defense of the Simulation Theory , 1992 .

[46]  N. Mott The Wave Mechanics of $\alpha $-Ray Tracks , 1929 .

[47]  D. Frisby,et al.  Towards a Transformation of Philosophy , 2023 .

[48]  W. Heisenberg The Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory , 1930 .

[49]  Carsten Held The meaning of complementarity , 1994 .

[50]  Josef Perner,et al.  Predicting others through simulation or by theory? A method to decide , 1999 .

[51]  Francisco J. Varela Upwards and downwards causation in the brain: Case studies on the emergence and efficacy of consciousness , 2002 .

[52]  Michel Bitbol,et al.  Schrödinger's philosophy of quantum mechanics , 1996 .

[53]  H. Stapp Mind, matter, and quantum mechanics , 1982 .

[54]  Goodbye to Reductionism , 1998 .