Ultraschallkriterien zur Graduierung von Stenosen der A. carotis interna – Revision der DEGUM-Kriterien und Transfer in NASCET-Stenosierungsgrade

: Since 1986, German ultrasound criteria for grading carotid stenosis have followed the local diameter reduction percentage consistent with the definition used in the European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) definition. To overcome the confusion caused by the coexisting grading method used in the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET), a German interdisciplinary council on carotid artery stenosis has recommended the implementation of the NASCET grading system (distal diameter reduction percentage) as the standard. The multi-parametric German "DEGUM ultrasound criteria" consisting of combined Doppler and imaging criteria have consequently been revised and transferred to the NASCET definition. In addition, a novel differentiation between main (primary) and additional (secondary) criteria has been proposed. When these ultrasound criteria are combined, vascular sonography allows reliable grading of carotid disease.

[1]  J. Slattery,et al.  Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic carotid stenosis: final results of the MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial (ECST) , 1998, The Lancet.

[2]  M. Eliasziw,et al.  The causes and risk of stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal-carotid-artery stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  M. V. van Leeuwen,et al.  Changes over time in optimal duplex threshold for the identification of patients eligible for carotid endarterectomy. , 1998, Stroke.

[4]  K. Khaw.  Does carotid duplex imaging render angiography redundant before carotid endarterectomy? , 1997, The British journal of radiology.

[5]  D E Strandness,et al.  Screening for asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis: duplex criteria for discriminating 60% to 99% stenosis. , 1995, Journal of vascular surgery.

[6]  B. Widder,et al.  Doppler- und Duplexsonographie der hirnversorgenden Arterien , 1995 .

[7]  M G Hunink,et al.  Detection and quantification of carotid artery stenosis: efficacy of various Doppler velocity parameters. , 1993, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[8]  B. Widder,et al.  Differentiating subtotal carotid artery stenoses from occlusions by colour-coded duplex sonography , 1994, Journal of Neurology.

[9]  C. Arning.  Evaluation of carotid artery stenosis by power doppler imaging. , 1998, Stroke.

[10]  Yan Liu,et al.  Sensitivity and specificity of color duplex ultrasound measurement in the estimation of internal carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. , 2005, Journal of vascular surgery.

[11]  D. Sackett,et al.  Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. , 1991, The New England journal of medicine.

[12]  B. Widder,et al.  [Morphologic and Doppler sonographic criteria for determining the degree of stenosis of the internal carotid artery]. , 2008, Ultraschall in der Medizin.

[13]  J. Bray,et al.  Quantification of Atheromatous Stenosis in the Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery , 1995 .

[14]  A. Alexandrov,et al.  Carotid Artery Stenosis: Grayscale and Doppler Ultrasound Diagnosis—Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference , 2003, Ultrasound quarterly.

[15]  M. Hennerici,et al.  Natural history of asymptomatic extracranial arterial disease. Results of a long-term prospective study. , 1987, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[16]  H. Freund,et al.  Diagnose und Differenzierung von Stenosen und Verschlüssen der Arteria carotis mit der Doppler-Sonographie , 1976, Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten.

[17]  C. Arning,et al.  Perivaskuläre Gewebsvibrationen: ein Kriterium hochgradiger Stenosen der A. carotis interna , 2001 .

[18]  Roger S. Blumenthal,et al.  A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Exercise Training for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Impact on Cardiovascular Risk: , 2010 .

[19]  J. Slattery,et al.  Equivalence of Measurements of Carotid Stenosis: A Comparison of Three Methods on 1001 Angiograms , 1994, Stroke.

[20]  S. Warach,et al.  Recommendations for imaging of acute ischemic stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. , 2009, Stroke.