Energy Balance and Evapotranspiration in a High Mountain Area during Summer

Abstract A meteorological experiment was carried out in summer 1995 at two representative sites above and below the timberline in the Dischma Valley, near Davos, Switzerland. The study aimed at investigating the characteristics of the surface energy balance and of the evapotranspiration in a high alpine environment during the vegetation period. At both sites, net radiation is the only energy source. It amounts to about 80 W m−2 at the lower and 100 W m−2 at the upper sites, respectively. Since the albedo and the longwave radiation budget do not differ significantly, net radiation was found to be linearly dependent on global radiation. The latent heat flux associated with evapotranspiration represents the most important energy sink, averaging to −70 W m−2 at the lower and −63 W m−2 at the upper locations. It is therefore of comparable magnitude, despite a larger energy availability at the upper site. This is due to a significantly larger Bowen ratio at this upper location. On the other hand, the diurnal co...