Simplified nonlinear simulation of steel–concrete composite beams

Abstract A computationally efficient macro-model approach is proposed for investigating the nonlinear response of steel–concrete composite beams. The methodology accounts for material nonlinearity and interface slip between the concrete slab and the steel beam. The validity of the technique is evaluated through comparison of the macro-model-based simulations with results obtained from experimental testing of composite beams. Four full scale composite beams are tested under monotonic positive and negative bending. The results show that the proposed macro-element-model can capture the essential characteristics of the nonlinear load–deformation response of composite beams. Such an approach is a compromise between simplicity and accuracy and a viable alternative to detailed finite elements analysis. Additionally, a parametric study, including the compressive strength of slab concrete, the yield strength of the steel flanges and web, and the shear connection degree, of the steel–concrete composite beams subjected to positive moment is conducted utilizing the numerical macro-model proposed. The slips and their influences on the behaviors of composite beams during loading process have been analyzed.