Frontiers of DC circuit breakers in HVDC and MVDC systems

The development of power electronics is driving high voltage (HV) and medium voltage (MV) applications based on dc technologies for power transmission and distribution, renewable energy integration, and ship and railway systems. DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) are needed to protect and improve the performance of dc or hybrid ac/dc systems during severe fault and/or abnormal operating conditions. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of DCCBs for both HV and MV DC systems. The mechanisms and requirements of DCCBs are summarized. Various DCCB topologies and their merits and demerits are presented and critically reviewed. Future trends and requirements for DCCBs are described. This work is intended to provide a useful point of reference for this technology and to contribute to its future development.

[1]  Iqbal Husain,et al.  A Fast Mechanical Switch for Medium-Voltage Hybrid DC and AC Circuit Breakers , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[2]  Arman Hassanpoor,et al.  Technical assessment of load commutation switch in hybrid HVDC breaker , 2015, 2014 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Hiroshima 2014 - ECCE ASIA).

[3]  Alireza Nami,et al.  Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Applications: Review on Converter Cells and Functionalities , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[4]  Michael Kurrat,et al.  Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker Feasibility Study , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology.

[5]  Dragan Jovcic,et al.  Modelling of high-power hybrid DC circuit breaker for grid-level studies , 2016 .

[6]  K. Kamei,et al.  HVDC Circuit Breakers for HVDC Grid Applications , 2015 .

[7]  Maryam Saeedifard,et al.  Operation, Control, and Applications of the Modular Multilevel Converter: A Review , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[8]  Junhui Wu,et al.  Research on Current Commutation Measures for Hybrid DC Circuit Breakers , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[9]  Keith Corzine,et al.  Modified z-source DC circuit breaker topologies , 2014, 2014 Clemson University Power Systems Conference.

[10]  Xiao-Ping Zhang,et al.  Basic topology and key devices of the five-terminal DC grid , 2015 .

[11]  C M Franck,et al.  HVDC Circuit Breakers: A Review Identifying Future Research Needs , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[12]  Ebrahim Farjah,et al.  A Z-Source-Based Bidirectional DC Circuit Breaker With Fault Current Limitation and Interruption Capabilities , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[13]  Dirk Van Hertem,et al.  Multiport Hybrid HVDC Circuit Breaker , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[14]  Hong Rao,et al.  Architecture of Nan'ao multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system and its multi-functional control , 2015 .

[15]  Satoru Yanabu,et al.  DC Circuit Breaker Using Superconductor for Current Limiting , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[16]  Weijie Wen,et al.  Research on Operating Mechanism for Ultra-Fast 40.5-kV Vacuum Switches , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[17]  Alex Q. Huang,et al.  A Medium-Voltage Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker, Part I: Solid-State Main Breaker Based on 15 kV SiC Emitter Turn-OFF Thyristor , 2017, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[18]  Umer Amir Khan,et al.  A Novel Model of HVDC Hybrid-Type Superconducting Circuit Breaker and Its Performance Analysis for Limiting and Breaking DC Fault Currents , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[19]  Ying Liu,et al.  The Upgrading Renovation of an Existing XLPE Cable Circuit by Conversion of AC Line to DC Operation , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[20]  Iqbal Husain,et al.  A Medium-Voltage Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker—Part II: Ultrafast Mechanical Switch , 2017, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[21]  Masahiro Takasaki,et al.  A Surgeless Solid-State DC Circuit Breaker for Voltage-Source-Converter-Based HVDC Systems , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[22]  Jürgen Häfner,et al.  Proactive Hybrid HVDC Breakers - A key Innovation for Reliable HVDC Grids , 2011 .

[23]  Dragan Jovcic,et al.  High Voltage Direct Current Transmission: Converters, Systems and DC Grids , 2015 .

[24]  K. Yokokura,et al.  Fundamental investigation and application of high-speed VCB for DC power system of railway , 2010, 24th ISDEIV 2010.

[25]  Andreas Jehle,et al.  Design considerations and performance evaluation of hybrid DC circuit breakers for HVDC grids , 2016, 2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe).

[26]  Minhan Yoon,et al.  Novel topology of DC circuit breaker and current interruption in HVDC networks , 2017 .

[27]  Wei Tang,et al.  Power-voltage coordinated control in hybrid AC/DC medium voltage distribution networks based on VSC , 2016 .

[28]  Kevin Smith,et al.  Initial designs for the ANGLE DC project; converting existing AC cable and overhead line into DC operation , 2017 .

[29]  Zheng Xu,et al.  Assembly HVDC Breaker for HVDC Grids With Modular Multilevel Converters , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[30]  Kun Yang,et al.  Quenched Resistance Effects on a Superconducting Current-Limiting-Type DC Breaker , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[31]  Chao Chen,et al.  A topology of the multi-port DC circuit breaker for multi-terminal DC system fault protection , 2017, 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[32]  Zhanqing Yu,et al.  Research on a current commutation drive circuit for hybrid dc circuit breaker and its optimisation design , 2016 .

[33]  James L. Kirtley,et al.  Analysis and Design of DC System Protection Using Z-Source Circuit Breaker , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[34]  Jun Liang,et al.  Hvdc Grids: For Offshore and Supergrid of the Future , 2016 .

[35]  Jean Mahseredjian,et al.  Modeling of Modular Multilevel Converters for the France-Spain link , 2013 .

[36]  Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt,et al.  Current Flow Controlling Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[37]  Guangfu Tang,et al.  Development and test of a 200kV full-bridge based hybrid HVDC breaker , 2015, 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'15 ECCE-Europe).

[38]  Wei Tang,et al.  A medium voltage hybrid AC/DC distribution network and its economic evaluation , 2016 .

[39]  R. W. Ashton,et al.  A New Z-Source DC Circuit Breaker , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[40]  Ataollah Mokhberdoran,et al.  Application study of superconducting fault current limiters in meshed HVDC grids protected by fast protection relays , 2017 .

[41]  Kun Yang,et al.  Arcing Time of a DC Circuit Breaker Based on a Superconducting Current-Limiting Technology , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity.

[42]  Anshuman Shukla,et al.  A Survey on Hybrid Circuit-Breaker Topologies , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[43]  Remus Teodorescu,et al.  Design, Control, and Application of Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Transmission Systems , 2016 .

[44]  C. Mark Johnson,et al.  Hybrid HVDC circuit breaker with self-powered gate drives , 2016 .