ReadXplorer—visualization and analysis of mapped sequences

Motivation: Fast algorithms and well-arranged visualizations are required for the comprehensive analysis of the ever-growing size of genomic and transcriptomic next-generation sequencing data. Results: ReadXplorer is a software offering straightforward visualization and extensive analysis functions for genomic and transcriptomic DNA sequences mapped on a reference. A unique specialty of ReadXplorer is the quality classification of the read mappings. It is incorporated in all analysis functions and displayed in ReadXplorer's various synchronized data viewers for (i) the reference sequence, its base coverage as (ii) normalizable plot and (iii) histogram, (iv) read alignments and (v) read pairs. ReadXplorer's analysis capability covers RNA secondary structure prediction, single nucleotide polymorphism and deletion–insertion polymorphism detection, genomic feature and general coverage analysis. Especially for RNA-Seq data, it offers differential gene expression analysis, transcription start site and operon detection as well as RPKM value and read count calculations. Furthermore, ReadXplorer can combine or superimpose coverage of different datasets. Availability and implementation: ReadXplorer is available as open-source software at http://www.readxplorer.org along with a detailed manual. Contact: rhilker@mikrobio.med.uni-giessen.de Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

[1]  S. Bennett Solexa Ltd. , 2004, Pharmacogenomics.

[2]  S. Lory,et al.  Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, an opportunistic pathogen , 2000, Nature.

[3]  Richard Durbin,et al.  Sequence analysis Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows – Wheeler transform , 2009 .

[4]  Alexander Goesmann,et al.  EDGAR: A software framework for the comparative analysis of prokaryotic genomes , 2009, BMC Bioinformatics.

[5]  Matthew B. Kerby,et al.  Landscape of next-generation sequencing technologies. , 2011, Analytical chemistry.

[6]  J. Kalinowski,et al.  Comprehensive analysis of the Corynebacterium glutamicum transcriptome using an improved RNAseq technique , 2013, BMC Genomics.

[7]  Michael Brudno,et al.  Savant: genome browser for high-throughput sequencing data , 2010, Bioinform..

[8]  Robert Giegerich,et al.  RNA Movies: Visualizing RNA secondary structure spaces , 1997, German Conference on Bioinformatics.

[9]  J. Kalinowski,et al.  Comprehensive discovery and characterization of small RNAs in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 , 2013, BMC Genomics.

[10]  Jeremy Buhler,et al.  Operon prediction without a training set , 2005, Bioinform..

[11]  Walter Fontana,et al.  Fast folding and comparison of RNA secondary structures , 1994 .

[12]  Jens Stoye,et al.  Exact and complete short-read alignment to microbial genomes using Graphics Processing Unit programming , 2011, Bioinform..

[13]  Lin Liu,et al.  Comparison of Next-Generation Sequencing Systems , 2012, Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology.

[14]  Matthew Berriman,et al.  Artemis: an integrated platform for visualization and analysis of high-throughput sequence-based experimental data , 2011, Bioinform..

[15]  James R. Knight,et al.  Genome sequencing in microfabricated high-density picolitre reactors , 2005, Nature.

[16]  Y. Saeys,et al.  GenomeView: a next-generation genome browser , 2011, Nucleic acids research.

[17]  Helga Thorvaldsdóttir,et al.  Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV): high-performance genomics data visualization and exploration , 2012, Briefings Bioinform..

[18]  A. N. Spiridonov,et al.  Congruent evolution of different classes of non-coding DNA in prokaryotic genomes. , 2002, Nucleic acids research.

[19]  Joshua N. Adkins,et al.  Comparative Omics-Driven Genome Annotation Refinement: Application across Yersiniae , 2012, PloS one.

[20]  Ivo L. Hofacker,et al.  Vienna RNA secondary structure server , 2003, Nucleic Acids Res..

[21]  B. Williams,et al.  Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq , 2008, Nature Methods.

[22]  Sara L. Zimmer,et al.  The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions , 2007, Science.

[23]  Kristin Reiche,et al.  The primary transcriptome of the major human pathogen Helicobacter pylori , 2010, Nature.

[24]  Bernard P. Puc,et al.  An integrated semiconductor device enabling non-optical genome sequencing , 2011, Nature.

[25]  Thomas J. Hardcastle,et al.  baySeq: Empirical Bayesian methods for identifying differential expression in sequence count data , 2010, BMC Bioinformatics.

[26]  Ann E. Loraine,et al.  The Integrated Genome Browser: free software for distribution and exploration of genome-scale datasets , 2009, Bioinform..

[27]  Jörg Vogel,et al.  Differential RNA Sequencing (dRNA‐Seq): Deep‐Sequencing‐Based Analysis of Primary Transcriptomes , 2012 .

[28]  J. Stoye,et al.  Exact and Complete Short Read Alignment to Microbial Genomes Using Gpu Programming , 2022 .

[29]  M. Gerstein,et al.  RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics , 2009, Nature Reviews Genetics.

[30]  Gonçalo R. Abecasis,et al.  The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools , 2009, Bioinform..

[31]  Günter Kahl,et al.  Tag-based next generation sequencing / , 2012 .

[32]  W. Huber,et al.  which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. MAnorm: a robust model for quantitative comparison of ChIP-Seq data sets , 2011 .

[33]  S. Turner,et al.  Real-time DNA sequencing from single polymerase molecules. , 2010, Methods in enzymology.