Integration of computational fluid dynamics simulation and statistical factorial experimental design of thick-wall crude oil pipeline with heat loss

CFD with statistics was developed for flow simulation in a thick-wall pipeline.Crude oil temperature decreased along pipeline length and radius.Heat transfer coefficient and ambient temperature were the effect parameters.Increasing heat transfer coefficient decreases the wax appearance distance.Increasing ambient temperature increases the wax appearance distance. The aim of this study was to explore the heat transfer behavior between convection and conduction in the thick wall crude oil pipeline with laminar unsteady state flow using integration of developed computational fluid dynamics model and statistical experimental design. The governing equations were employed to investigate the effects of wall thickness, wall thermal conductivity, surrounding heat transfer coefficient and ambient temperature on transport profile using statistical experimental design and to locate an origin point where wax precipitate in the pipeline (wax appearance distance) by using response surface methodology (RSM). A good agreement between the model and literature experimental data suggests that the proposed numerical scheme is suitable for simulating the transport profile in pipeline and predicting the phenomena for any other conditions. From the statistical analysis, it was found that, surrounding heat transfer coefficient and ambient temperature were the major effect parameters on the wax appearance distance.