Art Education in Central and Eastern Europe

In political terms, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, and Ukraine belong to Eastern Europe, according to the classification of the United Nations. Cultural and historical connections in the region, however, necessitate the inclusion of centrally located Austria, a historic superpower and cultural organizer of the area in any educational analysis. The concept of Eastern Europe, or rather Central and Eastern Europe, originates from the Austro-Hungarian monarchy (or, in many English-language sources, the Austro-Hungarian empire), geographically the second largest country in Europe after the Russian empire, which existed from 1867 to 1918, when it was dissolved into the Hungarian Kingdom, the Austrian Republic, the Czechoslovak Republic, the Republic of Poland, and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. Art education, as we understand the concept today, was initiated in Central and Eastern Europe in the late nineteenth century, mainly under the influence of the Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations at the Crystal Palace in London in 1851, when arts and crafts were first presented as major national achievements equal to science and technology. A central curriculum for drawing (German Zeichenunterricht),

[1]  Olga Denac.  The Significance and Role of Aesthetic Education in Schooling , 2014 .

[2]  Andrea Kárpáti,et al.  Visual Culture Learning Communities: How and What Students Come to Know in Informal Art Groups , 2013 .

[3]  Rajka Bračun Sova,et al.  The Curricular Reform of Art Education in Primary School in Slovenia in Terms of Certain Components of the European Competence of Cultural Awareness and Expression , 2012, Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal.

[4]  Marie Fulkova,et al.  Diversifying discourse: the infl uence of visual culture on children’s perception and creation of art , 2011 .

[5]  D. Faulkner,et al.  Exploring Children's Creative Narratives. , 2011 .

[6]  M. Ishikawa,et al.  Through the eyes of a stray dog: encounters with the Other , 2009 .

[7]  J. Swift,et al.  A Manifesto for Art in Schools , 1999 .

[8]  A. Zempléni,et al.  EXPERT AGREEMENT IN JUDGING ART PROJECTS - A MYTH OR REALITY?' , 1998 .

[9]  Mary Ann Stankiewicz,et al.  A History of Art Education: Intellectual and Social Currents in Teaching the Visual Arts , 1991, History of Education Quarterly.

[10]  W. Legler.  Einführung in die Geschichte des Zeichen- und Kunstunterrichts von der Renaissance bis zum Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts , 2011 .

[11]  Caroline Sharp,et al.  Arts and Cultural Education at School in Europe. , 2009 .

[12]  DeSeCo Oecd.  Definition and Selection of Key Competencies-Executive Summary , 2005 .

[13]  M. Langer,et al.  Grundlagen des Kunstunterrichts : eine Einführung in die kunstdidaktische Theorie und Praxis , 1986 .