Intracellular Ca2+ activates phospholipase C

Abstract It is well established that a receptor-mediated mechanism, perhaps involving a guanine nucleotide binding protein, directly activates polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C. Recent evidence indicates that in excitable tissues a rise in cytosolic Ca 2+ can also activate the phospholipase C. The activation of phospholipase C by Ca 2+ can be a direct effect rather than a result of the Ca 2+ -dependent release of neurotransmitters which activate phospholipase C through a receptor-mediated mechanism. Ca 2+ -activated phospholipase C may represent a positive feedback system for Ca 2+ : small increases in cytosolic Ca 2+ induced by Ca 2+ influx across the plasma membrane may result in higher cytosolic Ca 2+ concentrations due to IP 3 -induced release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores. The activation of phospholipase C by Ca 2+ may also provide a mechanism for diacylglycerol generation and protein kinase C activation following Ca 2+ influx. Thus, the regulation of phospholipase C activity by Ca 2+ may be physiologically important in regulating cytosolic Ca 2+ and protein kinase C in excitable tissues.

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