Motorcycle Safety Research Project Interim Summary Report 3 : Training and Licensing Interventions for Risk Taking and Hazard Perception for Motorcyclists

Motorcycle trauma is a serious road safety issue in Queensland and throughout Australia. In 2009, Queensland Transport (later Transport and Main Roads or TMR) appointed CARRS-Q to provide a three-year program of Road Safety Research Services for Motorcycle Rider Safety. Funding for this research originated from the Motor Accident Insurance Commission. This program of research was undertaken to produce knowledge to assist TMR to improve motorcycle safety by further strengthening the licensing and training system to make learner riders safer by developing a pre-learner package (Deliverable 1), and by evaluating the QRide CAP program to ensure that it is maximally effective and contributes to the best possible training for new riders (Deliverable 2). The focus of this report is Deliverable 3 of the overall program of research. It identifies potential new licensing components that will reduce the incidence of risky riding and improve higher-order cognitive skills in new riders.

[1]  Mark S. Horswill,et al.  A COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO DIFFERENTIAL ACCIDENT LIABILITY: MOTORCYCLISTS VERSUS CAR DRIVERS , 2002 .

[2]  A I Reeder,et al.  Rider training, reasons for riding, and the social context of riding among young on‐road motorcyclists in New Zealand , 1996, Australian and New Zealand journal of public health.

[3]  Esko Keskinen,et al.  Does increased confidence among novice drivers imply a decrease in safety? The effects of skid training on slippery road accidents. , 2004, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[4]  F P McKenna Should speed awareness courses be only about speed , 2006 .

[5]  R Homel,et al.  Random breath testing in Australia: getting it to work according to specifications. , 1993, Addiction.

[6]  R Christie,et al.  The effectiveness of driver training as a road safety measure: a review of the literature , 2001 .

[7]  P C Noordzij,et al.  INTEGRATION OF NEEDS OF MOPED AND MOTORCYCLE RIDERS INTO SAFETY MEASURES: REVIEW AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH PROJECT PROMISING, WORKPACKAGE 3 , 2001 .

[8]  Barry C. Watson,et al.  RESEARCH PRIORITIES IN DRIVER TRAINING: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN RESEARCH AND PRACTICE , 2003 .

[9]  J Catchpole,et al.  Redevelopment of Victoria's hazard perception test , 2000 .

[10]  P S Broughton,et al.  Why ride powered two-wheelers? , 2005 .

[11]  L De Rome Planning for motorcycle safety: measures of success , 2006 .

[12]  Nils Petter Gregersen,et al.  FROM CONTROL OF THE VEHICLE TO PERSONAL SELF-CONTROL; BROADENING THE PERSPECTIVES TO DRIVER EDUCATION , 2002 .

[13]  Mark A Elliott,et al.  Errors and violations in relation to motorcyclists' crash risk. , 2007, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[14]  Barry C. Watson,et al.  Motorcycle rider training and perceptions of skill , 2008 .

[15]  P F Lourens,et al.  Driving strategies among younger and older drivers when encountering children. , 1986, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[16]  M McGuire Making motorcycling safer , 2004 .

[17]  Corinne Peek-Asa,et al.  Incidence, severity, and patterns of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries in motorcycle crashes. , 2002, The Journal of trauma.

[18]  Mark S Horswill,et al.  A behavioral comparison between motorcyclists and a matched group of non-motorcycling car drivers: factors influencing accident risk. , 2003, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[19]  T. Dee Motorcycle helmets and traffic safety. , 2009, Journal of health economics.

[20]  T Bailey,et al.  NOVICE DRIVER SELF-MONITORING , 2002 .

[21]  S McInally R3: a model for motorcycle rider skill development , 2003 .

[22]  David J Houston Are helmet laws protecting young motorcyclists? , 2007, Journal of safety research.

[23]  Michael A. Regan,et al.  Hazard perception and responding by motorcyclists: summary of background, literature review and training methods , 2005 .

[24]  Mark R Stevenson,et al.  Barriers to, and factors associated, with observed motorcycle helmet use in Vietnam. , 2008, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[25]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  MOTORCYCLE CRASH COUNTERMEASURES: LITERATURE REVIEW AND IMPLEMENTATION WORKSHOP , 1996 .

[26]  H M Simpson,et al.  The safety value of driver education an training , 2002, Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention.

[27]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  What can riders tell us about motorcycle rider training? A view from the other side of the fence , 2007 .

[28]  F P Mckenna Why do drivers break the speed limit , 2008 .

[29]  David R. Thom,et al.  MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENT CAUSE FACTORS AND IDENTIFICATION OF COUNTERMEASURES. VOLUME I: TECHNICAL REPORT , 1981 .

[30]  F P McKenna,et al.  HAZARD PERCEPTION IN DRIVERS: A METHODOLOGY FOR TESTING AND TRAINING , 1994 .

[31]  Amit Shahar,et al.  Risk perception of driving as a function of advanced training aimed at recognizing and handling risks in demanding driving situations. , 2008, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[32]  Clive Cooke,et al.  Most head injury related motorcycle crash deaths are related to poor riding practices. , 2002, Emergency medicine.

[33]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  Teaching old dogs new tricks?: Training and older motorcyclists , 2006 .

[34]  Raymond C. Peck,et al.  Problem driver remediation: a meta-analysis of the driver improvement literature. , 2004 .

[35]  David D Clarke,et al.  The role of motorcyclist and other driver behaviour in two types of serious accident in the UK. , 2007, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[36]  Federico E. Vaca,et al.  Recent trends in motorcycle fatalities. Commentary , 2002 .

[37]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  Motorcycle crash involvement as a function of self assessed riding style and rider attitudes , 2007 .

[38]  Cees Wildervanck Early Hazard Perception Course , 2008 .

[39]  N. Harré Risk Evaluation, Driving, and Adolescents: A Typology , 2000 .

[40]  Ted R Miller,et al.  Characteristics of motorcycle-related hospitalizations: comparing states with different helmet laws. , 2007, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[41]  W. Swaddiwudhipong,et al.  Effect of motorcycle rider education on changes in risk behaviours and motorcycle‐related injuries in rural Thailand , 1998, Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH.

[42]  K. White,et al.  Promoting Public Health Messages: Should We Move Beyond Fear-Evoking Appeals in Road Safety? , 2007, Qualitative health research.

[43]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  Motorcycle protective clothing: Are stars better than standards? , 2007 .

[44]  T Bailey DIFFERENCES IN TEACHING APPROACHES AMONG CAR DRIVING INSTRUCTORS , 2003 .

[45]  Narelle L. Haworth,et al.  Hazard perception and responding by motorcyclists: background and literature review , 2005 .

[46]  Chris G Sibley,et al.  Explicit and implicit self-enhancement biases in drivers and their relationship to driving violations and crash-risk optimism. , 2007, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[47]  N P Gregersen,et al.  Young drivers' overestimation of their own skill--an experiment on the relation between training strategy and skill. , 1996, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[48]  M. Elliott,et al.  Motorcycle safety: a scoping study , 2003 .

[49]  Kristin Natalier,et al.  Motorcyclists’ Interpretations of Risk and Hazard , 2001 .

[50]  Timo Lajunen,et al.  Asymmetric relationship between driving and safety skills. , 2006, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[51]  P. Bellaby,et al.  Approaches to the Risk of Riding Motorcycles: Reflections on the Problem of Reconciling Statistical Risk Assessment and Motorcyclists' Own Reasons for Riding , 2001 .

[52]  Harold B Weiss,et al.  Changes in motorcycle-related head injury deaths, hospitalizations, and hospital charges following repeal of Pennsylvania's mandatory motorcycle helmet law. , 2008, American journal of public health.

[53]  Michael G. Lenné,et al.  Hazard perception abilities of experienced and novice motorcyclists: An interactive simulator experiment , 2009 .

[54]  Lisa N. Wundersitz,et al.  South Australia's Driver Intervention Program: Personality characteristics of participants and their subsequent crash and offence experience , 2007 .

[55]  M. Conner,et al.  The Theory of Planned Behaviour , 2004 .

[56]  R. Norton,et al.  Increasing age and experience: are both protective against motorcycle injury? A case-control study , 2000, Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention.

[57]  Barry C. Watson,et al.  ENHANCING DRIVER MANAGEMENT IN QUEENSLAND , 1996 .

[58]  T Horberry,et al.  Motor cycle rider fatigue: a review , 2008 .

[59]  Hamish A Deery,et al.  Hazard and Risk Perception among Young Novice Drivers , 1999 .

[60]  Jon Adams,et al.  Households’ willingness to pay for a motorcycle helmet in Hanoi, Vietnam , 2008 .

[61]  Barry F. Sexton,et al.  Motorcyclists' accident risk: results from a new survey , 2004 .

[62]  Michael G. Lenné,et al.  Hazard perception and responding by experienced and inexperienced motorcyclists , 2008 .

[63]  Arthur H. Goodwin,et al.  Countermeasures That Work: A Highway Safety Countermeasure Guide for State Highway Safety Offices, Eighth Edition, 2015 , 2015 .

[64]  Brian A. Jonah,et al.  Are formally trained motorcyclists safer , 1982 .