The survival of venture capital backed companies

This study addresses the survival of Belgian venture capital (VC) backed companies, compared to companies that did not receive VC. Survival analysis techniques are used to analyse the survival of a sample of 565 Belgian VC backed companies and 565 comparable non-VC backed companies. A distinction between different types of venture capitalists is made. Contrary to commom wisdom, VC backed companies do not have a higher probability of surviving than comparable non-VC backed companies. Companies, backed by the two oldest government venture capitalists, however, have a higher survival rate and companies, backed by other government venture capitalists have a lower survival rate and a higher probability of going bankrupt. Our results confirm previous studies in that it is shown that receiving VC from the right backer is perhaps more important than receiving VC per se.

[1]  Paul D. Allison,et al.  Event History Analysis : Regression for Longitudinal Event Data , 1984 .

[2]  Gerdie Everaert,et al.  Infrequent Large Shocks to Unemployment: New Evidence on Alternative Persistence Perspectives , 2001 .

[3]  Eddy Omey,et al.  De kloof tussen laag- en hooggeschoolden en de politieke houdbaarheid van de Belgische werkloosheidsverzekering: een empirische analyse , 1999 .

[4]  Johan A. K. Suykens,et al.  Knowledge discovery in a direct marketing case using least squares support vector machines , 2001, Int. J. Intell. Syst..

[5]  Josh Lerner,et al.  The Government as Venture Capitalist: The Long-Run Impact of the Sbir Program , 1998 .

[6]  Bart Baesens,et al.  Wrapped input selection using multilayer perceptrons for repeat-purchase modeling in direct marketing , 2001, Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag..

[7]  Paul Gemmel,et al.  The design of a MRP-based hospital service requirements planning system: the impact of different sources of uncertainty , 1995 .

[8]  William D. Bygrave,et al.  Venture capital at the crossroads , 1992 .

[9]  Ann Vereecke,et al.  Faculteit Economie En Bedrijfskunde Hoveniersberg 24 B-9000 Gent the Strategic Role of the Plant: Testing Ferdows' Model the Strategic Role of the Plant: Testing Ferdows' Model , 2022 .

[10]  N. Sierens,et al.  International Comparison of Failure Prediction Models From Different Countries: An Empirical Analysis , 1999 .

[11]  Elisa T. Lee,et al.  Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis , 1994, IEEE Transactions on Reliability.

[12]  Freddy Heylen,et al.  Monetaire unie en arbeidsmarkt: reflecties over loonvorming en macro-economisch beleid , 1998 .

[13]  Johan Albrecht,et al.  Environmental policy and the inward investment position of US “dirty” industries , 1998 .

[14]  Vance H. Fried,et al.  The Venture Capitalist: A Relationship Investor , 1995 .

[15]  K. Schoors,et al.  A Payment System Failure and its Consequences for Interrepublican Trade in the Former Soviet Union , 1998 .

[16]  H. Ooghe,et al.  Financial Management Practices in China , 1998 .

[17]  Kristof De Wulf,et al.  The influence of seller relationship orientation and buyer relationship proneness on trust, commitment, and behavioral loyalty in a consumer environment , 2000 .

[18]  Sami Al-Suwailem Does venture capital financing make a difference , 1996 .

[19]  Erik Schokkaert,et al.  Three Meanings of Intergenerational Mobility , 2001 .

[20]  Gerdie Everaert,et al.  Public capital and labour market performance in Belgium , 2000 .

[21]  David A. Walker,et al.  The role of venture capital in financing small business , 1987 .

[22]  Dominique Waeytens,et al.  The impact of activity-based budgeting on information asymmetry, budget slack creation, and related dysfunctional behaviors: results from lab experiments , 1996 .

[23]  Aimé Heene,et al.  A SYSTEMS VIEW ON WHAT MATTERS TO EXCEL , 2005 .

[24]  Koen N. Denecker,et al.  Value-at-risk prediction using context modeling , 2001 .

[25]  Freddy Heylen,et al.  A contribution to the empirical analysis of the effects of fiscal consolidation: explanation of failure in Europe in the 1990s , 1997 .

[26]  Gerdie Everaert,et al.  Shifts in balanced growth and public capital: an empirical analysis for Belgium , 1999 .

[27]  P.P.M. Joos,et al.  Semi-annual earnings announcements and market reaction: some recent findings for a small capital market , 1996 .

[28]  Sanford B. Ehrlich,et al.  After the cash arrives: A comparative study of venture capital and private investor involvement in entrepreneurial firms , 1994 .

[29]  Patrick Van Kenhove,et al.  The influence of topic involvement on mail survey response behavior , 2002 .

[30]  Koen Schoors,et al.  The credit squeeze during Russia's early transition: A bank‐based view , 2001 .

[31]  J. Albrecht,et al.  Environmental Consumer Subsidies and Potential Reductions of CO 2 Emissions , 1998 .

[32]  Dirk Buyens,et al.  WORKING PAPER BUILDING A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ON THE EXPLORATORY JOB SEARCH , 2001 .

[33]  Albert V. Bruno,et al.  The evolution of new technology ventures over 20 years: Patterns of failure, merger, and survival , 1992 .

[34]  Jan Bouckaert,et al.  Bargaining in markets with simultaneous and sequential suppliers , 2002 .

[35]  Marion Debruyne,et al.  Effective pricing of new industrial products , 1997 .

[36]  Richard L. Smith,et al.  Insider Reputation and Selling Decisions: The Unwinding of Venture Capital Investments During Equity Ipos , 1995 .

[37]  F. Langerak,et al.  Non-Probability Sampling for WWW Surveys: A Comparison of Methods , 1998 .

[38]  Bart Baesens,et al.  Bayesian neural network learning for repeat purchase modelling in direct marketing , 2002, Eur. J. Oper. Res..

[39]  Rudi Vander Vennet,et al.  The law of proportionate effect and OECD bank sectors , 2001 .

[40]  Ignace De Beelde,et al.  EXPECTATIONS OF USERS OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION WITH REGARD TO THE TASKS CARRIED OUT BY AUDITORS , 1999 .

[41]  S. Spinelli,et al.  New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century , 1999 .

[42]  R. Vander Vennet,et al.  D/2001/7012/07 Efficiency Effects of Bank Mergers and Acquisitions in Europe , 2001 .

[43]  L. Pozzi,et al.  Tax discounting and direct crowding-out in Belgium: implications for fiscal policy , 1999 .

[44]  Elisa T. Lee,et al.  Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis , 1994, IEEE Transactions on Reliability.

[45]  Jeroen K. Vermunt,et al.  Log-Linear Models for Event Histories , 1997 .

[46]  Peter Vlerick,et al.  Automatic Activation of the Self in a Persuasion Context , 2000 .

[47]  P. Kenhove,et al.  The Impact of Physical Attractiveness in Advertising on Consumer Attitude : The Role of Product Involvement , 1997 .

[48]  C. B. Barry,et al.  The role of venture capital in the creation of public companies: Evidence from the going-public process , 1990 .

[49]  Regine Slagmulder,et al.  Using Management Control Systems to Achieve Alignment Between Strategic Investment Decisions and Strategy , 1997 .

[50]  Paul A. Gompers Optimal Investment, Monitoring, and the Staging of Venture Capital , 1995 .

[51]  Rudi Vander Vennet,et al.  Cost and Profit Efficiency of Financial Conglomerates and Universal Banks in Europe , 2002 .

[52]  Douglas W. Diamond Monitoring and Reputation: The Choice between Bank Loans and Directly Placed Debt , 1991, Journal of Political Economy.

[53]  Jozef Maton,et al.  The Cape of Good Hope. Employment and income distribution in South Africa , 1995 .

[54]  E. Ziegel Statistical Methods for Survival Data Analysis , 1993 .

[55]  P.P.M. Joos,et al.  Financial distress models in Belgium: the results of a decade of empirical research , 1995 .

[56]  Kristof De Wulf,et al.  Why it takes two to build succesful buyer-seller relationships , 2000 .

[57]  Ignace De Beelde,et al.  An exploratory investigation of industry specialization of large audit firms , 1997 .

[58]  Véronique Weets,et al.  Who will be the new auditor ? , 1999 .

[59]  W. A. Sahlman,et al.  What do venture capitalists do , 1989 .

[60]  John C. Ruhnka,et al.  The "living dead" phenomenon in venture capital investments , 1992 .

[61]  S. Hart,et al.  The impact of new product launch strategies on competitive reaction in industrial markets , 2002 .

[62]  Anat R. Admati,et al.  Robust Financial Contracting and the Role of Venture Capitalists , 1994 .

[63]  P.P.M. Joos,et al.  The Comparison between Market Dtermined and Accounting Determined Measures of Risk: An Empirical Assessment for the Non-Financial Firms Listed at the Brussels Stock Exchange , 1991 .

[64]  Rudi Vander Vennet,et al.  Causes and consequences of EU bank takeovers , 1999 .

[65]  E. J. Nijssen,et al.  Industrial Pricing Practices and Determinants , 1997 .

[66]  Jan Bouckaert,et al.  Monopolistic competition with a mail order business , 2000 .

[67]  Erik Schokkaert,et al.  Individual preferences concerning unemployment compensation: Insurance and solidarity , 1997 .

[68]  Raphael Amit,et al.  WHY DO VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS EXIST? THEORY AND CANADIAN EVIDENCE , 1998 .

[69]  Raphael Amit,et al.  Entrepreneurial ability, venture investments, and risk sharing , 1990 .

[70]  Inside the black box of innovation : Strategic differences between SMEs , 2000 .

[71]  Jan Camerlynck,et al.  Pre-Acquisition Profile of Privately Held Companies Involved in Takeovers: An Empirical Study , 2000 .

[72]  Hans Degryse,et al.  Price competition between an expert and a non-expert , 1998 .

[73]  Harry J. Sapienza,et al.  When do venture capitalists add value , 1992 .

[74]  Ans De Vos,et al.  The added value of the HR-department: Empirical study and development of an integrated framework , 1999 .

[75]  Marc Deloof,et al.  Belgian Intragroup Relations and the Determinants of Corporate Liquid Reserves , 2001 .

[76]  P. Kenhove,et al.  The impact of task definition on store-attribute saliences and store choice , 1999 .

[77]  William L. Megginson,et al.  Venture Capitalist Certification in Initial Public Offerings , 1991 .

[78]  Freddy Heylen,et al.  Social, economic, and political institutions and taxes on labor , 1995 .

[79]  Annouk Lievens,et al.  Communication flows in international product innovation teams , 2000 .

[80]  Carolyn Y. Woo,et al.  A RESOURCE-BASED PREDICTION OF NEW VENTURE SURVIVAL AND GROWTH. , 1991 .

[81]  Mike Wright,et al.  Venture Capitalists’ Appraisal of Investment Projects: An Empirical European Study , 1997 .

[82]  Koen Vanhoof,et al.  Credit classification: A comparison of logit models and decision trees , 1998 .

[83]  Harry J. Sapienza,et al.  Venture capitalist governance and value added in four countries , 1996 .

[84]  R. Vander Vennet,et al.  Exact Factor Pricing in a European Framework , 2000 .

[85]  Marc Deloof,et al.  Are Leases and Debt Substitutes? Evidence from Belgian Firms , 1999 .

[86]  Ian C. MacMillan,et al.  Venture capitalists' involvement in their investments: Extent and performance , 1989 .

[87]  Marc Deloof,et al.  Intragroup Debt, Intragroup Guarantees, and the Capital Structure of Belgian Firms , 1999 .

[88]  S. Gifford Limited attention and the role of the venture capitalist , 1997 .

[89]  Mike Wright,et al.  Determinants of required return in venture capital investments: a five-country study , 2002 .

[90]  Paul A. Gompers Venture capital growing pains: Should the market diet? , 1998 .

[91]  M Verhue,et al.  Demand for unemployment insurance - a survey based analysis , 1997 .

[92]  Harry J. Sapienza,et al.  IMPACT OF AGENCY RISKS AND TASK UNCERTAINTY ON VENTURE CAPITALIST-CEO INTERACTION , 1994 .

[93]  Faculteit Economie,et al.  Supply of Venture Capital by European Governments , 2001 .

[94]  H. Ooghe,et al.  Board composition , corporate performance and dividend policy , 1998 .

[95]  Ignace De Beelde,et al.  Creating a profession 'out of nothing'? The case of the Belgian auditing profession , 2002 .

[96]  Gerdie Everaert,et al.  Public capital and productivity growth in Belgium , 1998 .

[97]  Johan Albrecht,et al.  Environmental Regulation, Comparative Advantage and the Porter Hypothesis , 1998 .

[98]  Patricia Everaert,et al.  The Impact of Target Costing on Cost , Quality and Development Time of New Products : Conflicting Evidence from Lab Experiments , 2001 .

[99]  Katia Campo,et al.  The impact of stock-outs on whether, how much and what to buy , 2000 .

[100]  P. De Pelsmacker,et al.  Advertising Content and Irritation: A Study of 226 TV Commercials , 1999 .

[101]  W. A. Sahlman,et al.  The structure and governance of venture-capital organizations , 1990 .

[102]  J. Bouckaert,et al.  Recente inzichten in de industriële economie over de ontwikkelingen in de telecommunicatie , 2001 .

[103]  Peter Vlerick,et al.  The Effect of Mood on Self-Referencing in a Persuasion Context , 2001 .

[104]  G. Reid,et al.  Venture Capital Supply and Accounting Information System Development , 1997 .

[105]  Marc Jegers,et al.  Trade Credit, Corporate Groups, and the Financing of Belgian Firms , 1999 .

[106]  S. Manigart,et al.  Post-investment evolution of Belgian venture capital backed companies: an empirical study , 1999 .

[107]  Johan Christiaens,et al.  Converging New Public Management Reforms and Diverging Accounting Practices in Flemish Local Governments , 2001 .

[108]  Rudi Vander Vennet,et al.  The effect of mergers and acquisitions on the efficiency and profitability of EC credit institutions , 1996 .

[109]  Tél,et al.  Reversed Score and Likelihood Ratio Tests , 2022 .

[110]  C. Olofsson,et al.  Are venture capitalists firefighters? A study of the influence and impact of venture capital firms , 1997 .

[111]  Harry J. Sapienza,et al.  A COMPARISON OF VENTURE CAPITALIST GOVERNANCE AND VALUE-ADDED IN THE U.S. AND WESTERN EUROPE. , 1995 .

[112]  R. Cooper Factors Influencing the Target Costing Process : Lessons From Japanese Practice By , 1997 .

[113]  N. Valckx,et al.  Monetary policy and asset prices: a comparison of the Fed's announcement policies during 1987-1995 , 1996 .

[114]  Allen N. Berger,et al.  The Economics of Small Business Finance: The Roles of Private Equity and Debt Markets in the Financial Growth Cycle , 1998 .

[115]  Katia Campo,et al.  Towards understanding consumer response to stock-outs , 2000 .

[116]  Josh Lerner,et al.  Venture Capitalists and the Oversight of Private Firms , 1995 .